| The research is the part of breeding program of linolenic acid quality on oil flax. The crosses had been done among different linolenic acid varieties. Several typical crosses were focused on traits investigation, Peroxide Isozyme(POD)analysis and Inner Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) marker analysis. The evaluation of progenies of the cross combinations were based on agronomic traits, the hybrid F1 generation of heterosis, the hybrid F2 hereditary ability, POD and ISSR marker. The analysis result is as follows:(1) The introduced varieties of E1747 and YESD23 did not grow well in Inner Mongolian area, but they were suitable for cross in the program of linolenic acid quality improvement. Hybridizing with the local high-yield cultivars (Neiya No.3, Jinya No.7 and Tianya No.7), the hybrid F1 heterosis was very obvious. General hereditary ability in hybrid F2 generation followed the sequence of weight of one thousand seeds > seed weight of individual plant > capsule number of individual plant>plant height. It is not easily influenced by environment for the traits with higher general hereditary ability and its individual should be selected in early generation.(2) POD of three hybridization combination showed, the majority of filial generation had more enzyme band number than two parents. POD activeness could reveal stronger growth ability of hybrid progenies.(3) ISSR of three hybridization combinations showed DNA difference among progenies. Different flax genetic populations and different generations showed polymorphism. The polymorphism percentage of filial generations distributes between 36.0%-61.9%, the polymorphism percentage is higher than the parent. ISSR is the dominant marker. The polymorphism percentage ratio was high, that proved that new traits combined in hybrid progenies.
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