Techniques For Introduction Of Kandelia Candel In Zhoushan

In order to study the transplant feasibility of mangrove in high latitude under global warming,this study first made the introduction experiment of mangrove species Kandelia candel in Zhoushan area (30°00′N) in 2008-2009. The results showed that:1. One-year survival rate of K. candel in Zhuhai,Guangzhou,Zhangzhou, Ningde,Cangnan and Yueqing was 23.5%, 16.5%, 63.2%, 72.4%, 55.1% and 66.0%. The species that grow in low latitude are of low winter resistance,while those grow in high latitude are of high winter resistance. It was found that K. candel hypocotyls collected in Cangnan suffered serious pests. Identified, the pest is Cryptophlebia ombrodelta.2. In this study,three methods are used, the natural seedlings,hypocotyls and vessel seedling planting. The results are as follows: survival rate of natural seedling is 0%,hypocotyls forest 57.6%,and vessel seedlings 28.5%. From the hypocotyls and the vessel seedling two afforestation methods down looking the annual opens the shape characteristic of K. candel, the vessel seedling afforestation seedling's growth target surpasses the hypocotyls afforestation.3. A preliminary study was made on the damage of K. candel hypocotyl caused by Cryptophlebia ombrodelta pests. It is found that the damage in the climax zone is greater than that in the tidal and low zone. The survival percentage of larvae can achieve 87% after 12 hour flooding immersions and it has strong anti-flood capacity.4. Comparative studies ware made on the growth of K. candel at the beaches with different tide levels. The study found that low tide has the promoter action to the initial 3 month-long early height growth of K. candel and that in the later period growth, compares the high-water level K. candel's growth situation is better.The influence researches of different salinity to the candel found that under 0,14,24 salinity conditions, K.candel grows faster with lower salinity,but the winter survival rate of K. candel has increased with the increase of salinity.The Spartina's influence researches of on the growth of K. candel seedlings found that K.candel in Spartina zone all died in the winter,with survival rate of 0%, while survival rate of K.candel on the close region light beach is 23%,showing that Spartina has a significant impact on the K.candel. Researches on 3 kinds of density, 10× 10cm, 50×50cm, 100×100cm, found that moderate dense can improve the survival rate of K. candel and that the growth conditions is best with the dense of 50×50cm.5. From the transplant experiments in Yadanshan Wharf, Xiushan sliding mud Park, Dinghai Waterfront Park,we found he preservation rates of K. candel were 72% in Yadanshan Wharf,32% in Dinghai Waterfront Park,and 23% in Xiushan Wetland Park. The hydrological characteristics and the geographical environment of Yadanshan wharf are more suitable for the growth of K. candel . The study found that river course draining water has the tremendous influence to the preservation rate of K. candel seedlings. The wharf can protect K. candel seedlings from the influence of waves.From the above study,when conducting the t K.candel transplant in Zhoushan we had better choose the hypocotyls from Ningde,Cangnan,and Yueqing and plant in the density of 50×50cm. The transplant location should be beaches free from Spartina with protecting of a wharf.