Survey And Evaluation Of Soil Nutrients In The Apple Orchards In Weibei Highland

This article has important reference value for the scientific management and sustainable development in the industry of apple in future through the research on soil nutrients. This paper studied the soil nutrient of 165 orchards which were from 29 counties. The relationships among fertilizer, soil nutrients, soil types and apple yield were studied and obtained the following important conclusions based on sampling, testing, and analysis:1. The content of which there were 54.55%, 38.18%, 28.48%, 24.85%, 23.03%, 15.15%, 12.12% of the orchards with available Mn, total N, available N, available Fe,available Zn, available P and organic matter were scarce respectively; There were 60.00% of the orchards riched in available P; the whole orchards with available K were abundant in Weibei highland.2. There were 20 counties with the soil nutrient in the middle level, including: Fu, Changwu, Bin, Chunhua, Qian, Yongshou, Yao, Yintai, Yijun, Chencang, Fengxiang, Fufeng, Long, Qianyang, Baishui, Chengcheng, Hancheng, Heyang, Pucheng, however, there were 9 counties with the soil nutrients in the low level in the 29 investigated counties, including Ansai, Baota, Yichan, Sanyuan, Liquan, Luochuan, Huangling, Fuping and Qishan counties.3. There was a significant difference in soil nutrients of the orchards in Weibei highland. The content of total N was in the deficient level, the contents of soil organic matter, avail N, avail Fe, avail Mn and avail Zn were at the bottom of sutible range, content of avail Mn and avail Cu were in the sutible range in Yanan area; Tongchuan area was riched in soil avail P content, other indicates were in the sutible range, but the content of avail Mn was at the bottom of sutible range; Weinai and Xianyang area was riched in soil avail P content, other indicators were in the sutible range, but avail Fe and avail Mn content were at the bottom of sutible range; Baoji area was riched in total N and avail P content, other indicates were in the sutible range; the whole Weibei area was riched in avail K. soil nutrient (except avail K) in the cropland was higher than in the orchard in the whole Weibei area.4. The content of soil nutrient was scarce in Ansai, Baota, Yichuan, Sanyuan, Huangling, Luochuan, Liquan, Fuping, Qishan counties because of two reasons. On the one hand, the quantity of fertilizer was used in deficient in the orchard and it was a central reason. On the other hand, soil types affected the soil nutrient. Soil types was Loess soil which it has a good aeration and water permeability and poor water and ferlilizer conservation in those counties. 5. The organic matter of orchard was in the low level in Weibei highland, especially in Yan'an area. The amount of organic fertilizer should be increased though planting sward in which the orchards was far from village, in order to improve the content of soil nutrient. The orchards in Yanan arean should be more used fertilizer that riched in nitrogen, and phoshorus and trace element fertilizer should be supplied properly, especially riched in Fe, Mn, and Zn elements. The orchard in Tongchuan area should be used more nitrogen and trace element fertilizer, especially riched in Mn element. The orchard in Xianyang and Weinai area should be used more nitrogen and trace element fertilizer, especially riched in Fe and Mn element. Organic matter and trace element fertilizer should be supplied properly in Baoji arean in future.