Effects Of Grass Mulching Combined With Different Fertilization On Soil Fertility,Growth And Development Of Fruit Tree In Apple Orchard In Weibei Dryland

The split-plot design was adopted in this experiment,the main treatments were grass cover treatment and control,and the sub treatments were control(CK),application of manure(M),application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizer(NPK),application of manure combined with NPK fertilizer(MNPK).The objectives of this study were the effects of application of grass cover combined with manure and chemical fertilizer on the growth of apple tree,apple quality,apple yield,soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities.The results indicated that:(1)For grass cover treatment,the tree circumference,weight of one hundred leaves,leaf area were increased compared to the control,the tree circumference were 17.8 percent higher than the control.Under grass cover and the control condition,the tree circumference,fruit setting rate,spring length shoot of MNPK were 9.6%,5.3%,9.3% and 6.2%,3.9%,6.4% percent higher than the NPK,respectively.(2)For grass cover treatment,the titration acid was dressed compared to the control,the yield and VC were increased.Under grass cover condition,the yield and VC of MNPK was 16.1 and 11.1percent higher than that of the NPK,respectively.but the titration acid of CK and NPK was higher than that of MNPK.Under the control condition,the VC of MNPK was 12.9 percent higher than that of NPK,the titration acid of NPK was 11.4 and 16.7 percent higher than that of CK and NPK,respectively.(4)The results showed that after mowing the grass(the residues were left on the soil surface as mulch),the soil water content,available P,nitrite nitrogen and the activities of ?X,NAG,?G,CBH were increased compared to the control,with no significant differences for total nitrogen,soil organic carbon,and AKP activity.For grass cover treatment,the total nitrogen,soil organic carbon,and the activities of ?X,NAG,?G,CBH,AKP were both improved before and after mowing the grass.However,the soil water content,available phosphorus,and nitrate nitrogen of grass cover treatment were lower than the control before mowing the grass.Under grass cover condition,the total nitrogen,available P,and soil organic carbon of M and MNPK were higher than that of CK and NPK in both before and after mowing the grass periods,with the activities of ?X,NAG,?G,CBH,AKP of MNPK higher than that of NPK.Under the control condition,the available P,SOC,nitrite nitrogen,total nitrogen and the activities of ?G,CBH,AKP of MNPK higher than that of CK and NPK before and after mowing the grass.Thus,grass cover combined with MNPK promoted the growth of fruit trees,improve orchard soil quality,improve fruit quality and yield,and was the most suitable ground management and fertilization model for dryland apple orchards.