| China has a long history of orchid cultivation.As the earliest introducing cultivation of Orchidaceae, Cymbidium collects a number of ornamental plant resources.Cymbidium hybridium,& perennial herb of Orchidaceae,is one of the most popularly cattleya in the word.As a result of large inflorescence,rich color,long flowering, variety, obvious characteristics of heterosis, Cymbidium hybridium has been widely grown.Sichuan existing Cymbidium hybridium are mostly introduced species.In this study, Cymbidium hybridium cultivars present introduced in the Sichuan region (mainly for the Chengdu region),which grow steadily in more than a year of local culturem,are choosed as the test materials. Chengdu was chosen as the climate conditions typical of the ecological environment in Sichuan Basin.Through questionnaires, select the main ornamental evaluation indicators and complete field observations;Using AHP evaluation method to establish evaluation index system, Conduct a more objective evaluation of ornamental value of Cymbidium cultivars introduced in Sichuan basin;and accomplishing identification of some species chromosome ploidy.It provides a scientific basis for introduction and genetic breeding of flowers in Sichuan.The main conclusions are as follow:(1) Screening ten representative species developed successfully in Sichuan market,built an ornamental value evaluation system for cymbidium cultivars apply to Sichuan basin in AHP.The evaluation system is divided into Aim layers (A):comprehensive evaluation of ornamental value; Constrained layer (C):quality traits, quantitative traits, growth traits; Index layer (P):color, flower, flowering, resistance, flower diameter, inflorescence length, whether the alpine flower induction and other nine specific evaluation; The bottom (D):Cymbidium species specific.(2) In this evaluation system,estimate the ornamental value of the ten introduced species of Cymbidium.10 species of ornamental value introduced composite score ranking was:D9 (C. Fortissimo'Pianist')> D6 (C. Gold Peppermint)> D4 (C. Stellar Festival'Sherry Romance')> D7 (C. Aroma Princess)> D3 (C. Lucky Gloria'Chusanne')> D10 (C. Oasis)> D5 (C. Augustine wong)> D8 (C. Massachusetts Lika)> D2 (C. Lucky Gloria 'Fukunokami')> D1 (C. Melody Fair'Marilyn Monroe').(3) The more outstanding overall performance of the three species and a species with potential for development in Sichuan are selected. Through evaluation, C. Fortissimo Pianist', C. Gold Peppermint, C. Stellar Festival'Sherry Romance'get high composite scores, which shows that they are not only adapt to the growth of the Sichuan Basin, and with high ornamental value.C. Aroma Princess stands out in many species because it has rare aroma,and does not require Alpine flower induction in Sichuan region.For its appearance and growth habit have outstanding Characteristics of both Cymbidium and Cattleya,it is worth of attention in breeding.(4) Discuss the operating methods to detect chromosome number of Cymbidium Cultivars with the tip of Cymbidium hybridium. Experimental results, cell division of root tip are vigorous after 1 to 2 hours'illumination,when most easily observed in mitosis;Placed in saturated p-dichlorobenzene solution and-the temperature 10～20℃dark environment for 3 to 4 hours pretreatment,Fixed in Carnoy s solution for more than 4 hours; in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid at room temperature after the dissociation of 3～4min,60℃water bath under the conditions of dissociation 3min.It helps to obtain better production effectresult.(5) The experiment identified the five varieties obtained pianist chromosome number, and deduced the corresponding ploidy:C. Fortissimo'Pianist'2n= 3X= 60; C. Aroma Princess 2n= 2X= 40; C. Melody Fair'Marilyn Monroe'2n= 3X= 60; C. Stellar Festival'Sherry Romance'2n= 3X= 60; C. Lucky Gloria'Fukunokami'2n= 3X= 60.It verifies that Cymbidium hybrids are in complex ploid and mostly triploid.The study provides a foundation for future parent selection and cross breeding. |
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