Effects Of Different Fertilizers And Sowing Rates On The Growth Characteristics,Yield And Quality Of Xinong 20 Wheat Varieties

Wheat is one of the three most important food crops in the world.Increasing yield and improving quality has always been an important direction for the study of high-quality and high-yield wheat.This study takes fertilizer and sowing rate as the research object,and uses the nationally approved wheat variety Xinong 20 as the material to explore the effect of different fertilizers and sowing rates on the growth characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of the wheat variety Xinong 20.The best fertilizer and seeding level in the high-yield and high-quality cultivation technology system aims to provide the technical basis for fertilization and seeding for the popularization and application of Xinong 20 wheat varieties.The experiment adopts a two-factor split zone design.The fertilizer is the main zone,and two special fertilizers,slow-release fertilizer and compound fertilizer,are set;the sowing rate is the secondary zone,with 112.5kg/hm~2,150kg/hm~2,187.5kg/hm~2,and 225kg/hm~2.Four levels.Concluded as follow:(1)Special slow-release fertilizer can promote the growth of Xinong 20 wheat at the seedling stage and increase the basic seedling number and total stem number of Xinong 20.The density of 187.5kg/hm2and 225kg/hm2had the highest total stem number and basic seedling number,but the difference between the two levels was not significant.The basic seedlings treated with special slow-release fertilizer at 225kg/hm~2 had a total stem number of247.44×104/hm~2 and 955.80×104/hm~2;there was no significant difference in wheat plant height and leaf area under each treatment,and 225kg/hm~2 under special slow-release fertilizer The sowing rate of wheat has better wheat morphology performance;the combination of high sowing rate and the density of special slow-release fertilizer can significantly increase the dry matter accumulation of Xinong 20 groups,under the treatment of 225kg/hm~2 sowing rate of special slow-release fertilizer The dry matter accumulation reached a maximum of 14564.28kg/hm~2.(2)The SPAD value of flag leaves will increase first and then decrease as the fertility progresses.The result of fertilizer treatment is that the special slow-release fertilizer is better than the wheat compound fertilizer,and the sowing rate treatment is that the low sowing rate is better than the high sowing rate,but there is no significant difference between the treatments.Based on the comprehensive results,the best fat-density combination is the special slow-release fertilizer.150kg/hm~2 sowing rate under fertilizer;during grain filling,fertilizer has no significant effect on each filling parameter,but the treatment with 150kg/hm~2 sowing rate under compound fertilizer has the longest filling time and the largest Rmax.The increase in sowing volume,the time to reach the maximum filling rate,the duration of the slow increase period and the days of the filling period will increase;the average filling rate and the maximum filling rate will decrease accordingly.(3)Special slow-release fertilizer and high sowing volume have the effect of increasing the output of Xinong 20.The sowing volume significantly increased the number of spikes per unit area,but had no significant effect on the number of spikes per grain and the weight of thousand kernels.Therefore,in terms of yield,the best combination of fertility and density is the sowing rate of 225kg/hm~2 under special slow-release fertilizer,and the yield is8034.49kg/hm~2.Fertilizer has no significant effect on grain quality.Low sowing quantity can improve wheat quality.Under D1 level,the stability time,protein content,wet gluten content and sedimentation value have the maximum values.(4)Special slow-release fertilizers increase the content of wheat grain gliadin and gluten,and compound fertilizer treatment increases the content of albumin and globulin.Under the same fertilizer condition,the protein content of each component of Xinong 20 showed a gradual decrease trend with the increase of the sowing amount;under the same sowing amount,the amino acid content of the special slow-release fertilizer treatment was higher than that of the compound fertilizer treatment As the sowing volume increases,the content of each amino acid gradually decreases.High sowing quantity can improve some agronomic traits of wheat and wheat yield and related factors;low sowing quantity will improve wheat physiological characteristics and wheat quality factors.Wheat special slow-release fertilizer is superior to wheat compound fertilizer in all indicators.Therefore,in order to maximize the production potential of Xinong20,a combination of special slow-release fertilizer and 225kg/hm~2 sowing capacity can be used.