Survey Of Wild Boar Damaged Crops In The Western Slope Of Zhangguangcai Mountain, Heilongjiang Province

From December 2007 to January 2009, there were surveys about the population and the harm of wild boar in the western slope of Zhangguangcai Mountain, Heilongjiang Province. The methods to investigate the harm of wild boar are visit surveys, questionnaire surveys and field surveys; the measure to investigate population of wild boar is the relative-number survey. After analysis of the results of the survey, the main conclusions are as follows:Most farmers (81.32%) planted one or several crops in corn, pumpkins and soybeans. Moreover, most (73.14%) of their crops have suffered or are suffering from the destruction of wild boar. Farmers believed that wild boar harming crops caused significant economic losses.The damage almost happened in the whole autumn. Every day wild boars come to the field to eat crop almost in the evening or at night (77.45%); at times in the morning (20.24%). The crops that closer to the edge of mountain forest are prone to be damaged (74.26%).Average distance from the water of wild boar harming crops is 289.36±59.52 m, with maximum distance of 1050 m and minimum distance of 25 m and the range is 1025 m; average distance from the forest edge is 29.00±5.67 m, with maximum distance of 82 m and minimum distance of 0 m and the range is 82 m; average distance from human disturbance is 2452.91±301.12 m with maximum distance of 5200 m and minimum distance of 560 m and the range is 4640 m.The relationship between damaged farmland and various factors are discussed in this thesis. The damaged farmland, which located less than 10 m to the forest edge had reached 76.66%. The relationship between the acreage of farmland which damaged by wild boar and the distance from farmland to the forest edge is negative correlation. Up to 45.97% of the damaged farmland located within 100 m away from water sources. The relationship between the acreage of damaged farmland and the distance from farmland to water is negative correlation. The relationship between the acreage of damaged farmland and the distance from farmland to human disturbance do not show significant correlation.Total farmland of this survey is 243900 m2, acreage of farmland which damaged by wild boar is 24159.74 m2. Economic loss of crops damaged by wild boar is￥76,380.On the basis of the survey from December 2007 to January 2008, density of wild boar in Wuchang is (0.031995±0.00915)/hm2 and the population is 1313±375. The density of wild boar in Shangzhi is (0.030744±0.00644)/hm2 and the population is 1400±293.According to the survey from December 2008 to January 2009, the density of wild boar in Wuchang is (0.032273±0.00538)/hm2 and the population is 1324±220. The density of wild boar in Shangzhi is (0.031492±0.00465)/hm2 and the population is 1434±211. The density and size of wild boar indicated that wild boar population was stable in Wuchang and Shangzhi. Moreover, the number of wild boar was not excessive in two cities, showing the excessive number of wild boars in the region was not the reason of frequent crops damage caused by wild boar.In addition, the distribution of wild boar will vary with the crop growing season. In autumn, the crop growing period, wild boar will move to the mountains closer to the farmland, causing damage to crops; during the winter, after the crop harvest completed, the wild boar will retreat to inaccessible mountain areas. In the absence of crop temptation season, wild boar is inclined to the remote mountains keeping off man-made interference sources.