Comparisons Of 9 Olive Variety Characteristics Studies

In this study,9 varieties of olive trees 'Frantoio','Leccio','CG32','ZS24', 'Coratina', 'Kalinjot', 'Picholine', 'Manzanila', 'EZ8' were taken as test materials. Under the same site condition of soil and fertilizer water management, the leaf and flower and fruit characteristics, phenology, oil content rate, resistance and other differences of 9 varities were compared throuth the field investigation and laboratory tests. The results showed that:1. Among the 9 varieties, the tree height and crown of 'Leccio' were the largest, the tree height and the stem diameter of 'EZ8' were the minimum, and crown of 'Manzanila' was the minimum. In these varieties, flowering time were all in early May, and lasted 7 to 10 days, top flowering lasted about 3 days. Among the 9 varieties, 'CG32' flowering and fruit ripe time was the earliest. 'Frantoio', 'Leccio', 'ZS24', 'Coratina' and 'Manzanila' with each other as a tree pollination, and 'CG32', 'EZ8', 'Kalinjot', 'Picholine'with each other as a tree pollination.2. There was a large difference of leaf shape index in the 9 varieties, among them: 'Manzanila'(5.35) was the largest one, and the leaf appeared thin and long. 'Frantoio' (3.22) was the smallest one, and the leaf appeared wide and short. 'Manzanila'has a shortest petiole, otherwise, 'EZ8' and 'ZS24'has a longest petiole, and there was no significant difference between other varieties. All of the varieties, apart from 'Leccio', it slightly higher than others, the leaf water content was about 50%, and other varieties showed no significant difference. The highest content of chlorophyll was Frantoio' (14.23mg/g), and the lowest one was 'CG32'(10.56mg/g). There was a large difference of proportion of the full flower among the varieties, Full flower proportion of 'EZ8'(98.0%) was the highest, and 'Picholine'(21.6%) was the lowest one. There were some differences of fruit shape index in the tested varieties, among them: 'EZ8#' (1.60) was the largest one, it made the fruit appeared long ellipse, and 'Frantoio'(1.06) was the smallest one, it made the fruit appeared an "apple". In the 9 varieties, the heaviest average fruit was 'ZS24' (7.0g), and 'Kalinjot' was the lightest one. In the 9 varieties, pulp rate were all about 80%, and 'Manzanila' (87.57%) was the highest, 'Frantoio' (76.85%) was the lowest.3. It showed a large difference in fruiting at early fruiting time among the 9 varieties, but in the process of fruit growth time, higher fruit setting rate meaned higher fruit dropping rate, and lead to this difference range become narrow. Apart from 'Kalinjot', the peak of fruit drop of other 8 varieties all in May to July, and the average amount of fruit drop was about 50%, and this data down to about 20% from July to harvest time. It showed a larger difference in total yield of 5 years tree among these varieties, 'Picholine'(6.4Kg) was the highest one, and 'Leccio' (0.2Kg) was the lowest one.4. Fruit oil content rate of the 9 varieties showed some differences. The highest oil content variety was'Coratina'(16.04%), and the lowest one was 'Frantoio'(11.46%). The highest content of total polyphenolic compounds in fruit was 'Coratina' (0.75%) too, and the lowest of this Indicator was 'EZ8' (0.31%).5. After the investigation of pest resistance, it showed that 'Kalinjot' and 'Picholine' were easy to infect "Cycloconiun Oleaginumcast", 'Leccio' and 'EZ8'were hard to infect this disease. What's more, 'Picholine'was easy to infringement by the "Dyscerus Cribripennis MatsumLlaet ono" too. By judgmented through the MDA,Pro,SOD, Waterlogging resistance of the 9 varieties showed that 'Frantoio', 'Kalinjot', 'Manzanila' were stronger, and 'ZS24', 'CG32','EZ8', were moderate, and 'Coratina', 'Picholine' 'Leccio' were the weakest.6. Through statistical and experimental data analysis, the results showed that the Comprehensive capacity of the 9 varities from good to bad is 'Manzanila','CG32', 'Picholine', 'Coratina', 'Leccio', 'EZ8', 'Kalinjot', 'ZS24', 'Frantoio'.We can refer to the following varieties configuration if planting in northern Sichuan:(1) 'Manzanila'and 'Coratina';(2) 'Manzanila' and 'Picholine' or 'CG32'; (3) 'Picholine' and 'CG32',,with pollination tree or single varity with pollination tree.