Effect Of Controlled Release Fertilizer On The Yield And Nutrient Accumulation In The Wheat-maize Rotation System

The north China plain was the main grain production areas. The areas fertilizer-application were complex and the fertilizer use efficiency was low. So a field experiment was conducted based on Fengqiu Experimental Station for Agro-ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences in the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in Fengqiu County, Henan Province. We studied the fertilizer-application effcet of controlled release fertilizer and the common fertilizer through the field experiment, investigation and observations and laboratory analysis. The main aims were to study the effect of controlled release fertilizer on the yields of rotation system, the nutrient accumulation and use efficiency. The main results were showed as follows:1,Compared with common fertilizer treatments, the yields and the element components of winter wheat and summer maize were higher. The yields of winter wheat and summer maize under controlled release fertilizer treatments repectively increased by 1.6%~2.4%, 4.6%~10.6%, relative to common fertilizer treatments. The kernel weight and grain number per spike in controlled release fertilizer treatments increased by 0.7%~5.7%, 10.1%~15.5% for winter wheat in contrast with the common fertilizer treatments, respectly. Compared with common fertilizer treatments, the 100-seed weight of summer maize under controlled release fertilizer treatments increased by 5.5%~6.9%.2,The content of P in the winter wheat grain treated by controlled release fertilizer were greater than that of common fertilizer treatments by 12%~31%, and N in the straw were lower by 10%~16%. The controlled release fertilizer treatments increased the content of N in the summer maize. The controlled release fertilizer treatments also increased the accumulation of P and K in the winter wheat and summer maize. The controlled release fertilizer treatments increased the nitrogen use efficiency, agronomic use efficiency and the nitrogen harvest index in the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system. 3,Compared with common fertilizer treatments, the controlled release fertilizer treatments increased the content of NO3--N in the 0-80cm soil depth. It was suggest that controlled release fertilizer can control the soil NO3--N leaching to the deep profile. It was benefit for reducing the nitrogen leaching loss.4,The controlled release fertilizer treatments increased the soil residual nitrogen in the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system. Compared with common fertilizer treatments, the soil residual nitrogen in the controlled release fertilizer treatments increased by 9%~135%, 3.8%~186.8% for the winter wheat and summer maize, respectively. These residual nitrogen can supply for the follow crop.