| Background In 1863, von Recklinghausen thought there were some pores existing among the adjoining mesothelium and named them as the peritoneal lymphatic stomata. Tsilibary confirmed the lymphatic stomata in mouse diaphragm in 1977. And Li Jicheng first reported the presence of lymphatic stomata in human diaphragm in 1991. Since then, the lymphatic stomata were reported in various animals.The lymphatic stomata are small openings of lymphatics on the free surface of the mesothelium and relatively stable. At present, it has been proved that the lymphatic stomata play an important role in active absorption from the peritoneal cavity and might also be involved in local immunity. Concerning the function, the lymphatic stomata are adjustable by some factors, i.e. nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), etc. At the same time, they are considered to have close relationship with ascites drainage, loss of ultrafiltration during the peritoneal dialysis and tumor metastasis.The ovarian mesenteries is defined as the peritoneum connecting the ovary with the broad ligment. It has obvious difference in structure varying in species, hi the majority of rodents, the ovarian mesenteries develops extensively into a capsule enclosing the ovary, which called ovary bursa. While in primates andhuman, the ovary mesenteries is almost absence. Shinohara first reported the lymphatic stomata in the inner layer of ovary bursa in golden hamster, and recognized drainage of tracers via the lymphatic stomata. These stomata might influence the development and functions of ovary. However, there are very few research materials about the lymphatic stomata of ovary bursa, and even no reports on whether there exist lymphatic stomata in guinea pig's ovary bursa and human ovary.Objective (1) To study the presence of ovary bursa in guinea pig and the lymphatic stomata of ovary bursa. (2) To study the presence of lymphatic stomata in human ovary. (3) To study the influence on the lymphatic stomata of ovary bursa during pregnancy and by treating with hormone. Methods (1) Ovary bursa and the lymphatic stomata of ovary bursa in guinea pig were examined with the anatomical microscope, the scanning electron microscope ( SEM ) and the transmission electron microscope ( TEM ). (2) The structure of human ovaries was observed with normal and NaOH-digested SEM. And the ovary lymphatic stomata were counted by Elescope computer image processing system. (3) The lymphatic stomata of ovary bursa were regulated by pregnancy and exogenous homone, including serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) combined with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for promoting ovulation and androgen, then both the lymphatic stomata and absorption of tracer were studied.Results (1) The anatomy of ovary bursa in guinea pig: The bursa rested on the uterine cornu, and closed the ovary into an uncompleted capsule. Its medial wall faced the kidney, and was adjacent to the intestines. The oviduct started from the dorsolateral wall of uterine cornu, and finally terminated in the upper of the bursa. (2) The ultrastructure of ovary bursa in guinea pig: The two layers of the bursa almost consisted of cuboidal and flat cells, but changed intociliated columnar epithelium in the inner layer near the terminal oviduct. There were some lymphatic stomata among the bursal cuboidal cells. Granules might be absorbed through the lymphatic stomata and macrophages migrated via the stomata. (3) The infrastructure of lymphatic stomata in human ovary: The human ovary epithelium were composed of flat and cuboidal cells, and the lymphatic stomata were present among the latte. The stomata are about 1.80?0.82 f m in diameter and 6.27 ?2.65 P m in perimeter. The macrophages migrated through the lymphatic stomata in human ovary. After digestion with NaOH, the foramina under the epithelium were exposed. Both the stomata and the foramina were also found in the external surface of ovary mucinous tumor. (4) The absorptive function of lymphatic stomata of ovary bursa in guinea pig: The quantity of t...
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