Effects Of Glyoxal On Anti-oxidative System In Mice

IntroductionGlyoxal is an ct-keto-aldehyde, which is widely used in paper-making industry, and so on. And it is found in ozonated drinking water , in photooxidants of atmospheric aromatic hydrocarbons, in heated glucose and coffee as well as in cigarette smoke. In the past, glyoxal was regarded with low toxicity. But, it has been suggested that glyoxal is a carcinogen and mutagen in recent studies. In addition, it has a close relationship with Lipid Peroxidation, and it may induce the formation of oxygen central radicals. So the effects of glyoxal on anti-oxi-dative system in mice and its mechanism of toxicity was studied through measuring the content of SOD (Superoxide Dismutase),GSH-Px (Glutathione Peroxidase) ,T-SH (Total Sulfhydryl) ,NP-SH (Non-Protein Sulfhydryl) and LPO ( Lipid Peroxidation ) in the blood and tissue in mice treated with glyoxal. And the histopathological change caused by glyoxal was observed through the inspection of light microscope ( LM) and electronic microscope ( EM) for liver and kidney in mice treated with glyoxal .Material and Method1. The studies of effects of glyoxal on anti-oxidative system inmice.This study use 40 mice of KunMing species, with equal ratio of male and female, weight 25 ?3 g , which are divided into 4 groups e-venly on random. 1 is negative control group treated with normal saline, other 3 is experiment groups treated with glyoxal of 1. 3mmol/kg (1/8LD50), 2.6mmol/kg (1/4LD50) and 5. 2mmol/kg (1/2LD50) separately. That is 10 mice each group. They are all injected intraper-itoneally. The mice were anesthetize with ether and take blood by excise the eyeballs after they were treated with glyoxal for 24 hours. Then kill the animals, and take the heart, liver, brain and kidney. The anti-oxidative index in blood were measured in the same day. The tissue was put at - 20?C and make evenly tissue seriflux before being measured.The activity of GSH-Px in blood and tissue were measured by DT-NB method; The activity of SOD were measured by nitrite method . The content of LPO in serum and tissue was measured by TBA method. The content of T-SH and NP-SH in blood and tissue were measured by Ellmans method, and the content of protein sulfhydryl (PB-SH) can be got from T-SH subtracting NP-SH.The content of hemoglobin was measured by methemoglobin cyanide method . The content of tissue protein was measured by biuret reaction method.2. The observation of pathological change in liver and kidney of mice treated with glyoxal.This experiment use 16 KunMing species mice, with equal ratio of male and female, weight 25+3g, which are divided into 4 groups equally on random. That is 4 mice each group. They are all injected intraperitoneally. The groups and dose of glyoxal is the same as the a-bove. The mice were injected twice per week, with 4 days' interval. They were injected 4 times total, then kill the animal. Take the liver and kidney tissue, and observe them under LM and EM. LM: normal 10% formalin to fixation, using wax to wrap it up, then HE stain. EM: 2. 5% Glutaral fixation for first time, 1% osmic acid fixation for second time. Then the change of cellular structure was observed under transmission EM.3. Statistical analysis:The experimental data were arrangement by Excel software , the variances were analyzed using SPSSIO. 0 software by ANOVA and Q -test among different groups.Results1. The effects of glyoxal on anti-oxidative system in miceThe content of LPO in various dose groups in brain and in high dose group in liver of mice is significantly higher than that of the control group. The activity of SOD in liver and brain of high dose groups increases. Comparing with control group, the difference is notable. Other groups have no significantly difference compare with control group. The activities of GSH-Px significantly decrease in blood and kidney at any dose groups, in liver high and middle dose groups decrease. The content of T-SH and PB-SH increases in blood and brain of high dose groups. The content of NP-SH decreases in...