| Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH) is a specific syndrome associated with pregnancy. It was diagnosed in 5%~10% of pregnant women. In recent years, PIH is still one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. PIH has a multisystem disorders as a consequence of vasospasm and ischemia, and it is characterized by a triad of hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Proteinuria is an important finding of impaired renal function. The quantity of urinary protein is generally recognized as a criterion for the severity of PIH.During normal pregnancy, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate are increased Proteinuria is associated with the glomerular filtration and the tubular reabsorption. Normal pregnancy woman may have physiological proteinuria. Under normal conditions, small amount of albumin and small molecular weight proteins filter out through glomerular capillary wall. Most of the filtered proteins are reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. So only small amount of proteins escape tubular reabsorption and ultimately appear in the urine of normal individual. Injury to the glomerulus results in an ultrafiltration characterized by a fractional increase in the clearance of serum proteins .It is due to changes in the charge-selective properties and size-selective properties of the glomerular basilar membrane, thereby enhancing the ultrafiltration of charged proteins and allowing for the passage of larger molecular weight proteins. When there is tubular damage, however, normal protein reabsorption does not occur. The urine contains an increased amount of low molecular weight proteins. Not only the amount of proteinuria but also the component ofproteinuria is changed when kidneys are injured.lt is controversial that the relationship between the degree of maternal proteinuria and the perinatal outcome and the patient's complications. Seshadri considered proteinuria to be an important factor of perinatal outcome. But others reported recently that the amount of proteinuria didn't affect maternal and perinatal outcomes. It is supposed that the varying outcomes of PIH may be affected by proteinuria component. There is not always albuminuria in PIH patient. Large-molecular-weight protein will excrete along with the increasing damage of the kidneys.The component of proteinuria will not be detected by conventional urine protein assays. In recently reports, sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis (SDS-AGE) has been introduced for qualitative analysis of urinary proteins. SDS-AGE separates proteins according to their molecular size, without prior concentration of urine. SDS-AGE for urinary protein analysis in patients with PIH has not been reported so far. It is not clear how many components of proteinuria there are in PIH and whether the proteinuria component is related to the severity of PIH.The aim of this study was to detect the urinary protein electrophoretic patterns in normal pregnant women and in patients with PIH, to distinguish pathological proteinuria in PIH from physiological proteinuria in normal pregnancy, to assess the relationship between the component of proteinuria and the severity of the disorder, and to evaluate the correlation between the type of proteinuria and perinatal prognosis.Materials and MethodsSeventy-eight patients of PIH were enrolled to the study group, during March 2002 and December 2003, of whom 22 cases are gestational hypertension, 10 cases are mild preeclampsia, and 46 cases are severe preeclampsia. During the same period of time, the control group was composed of 110 normal pregnant women in third trimester. All women in two groups had no history of chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease and hepatic disease. All of them were primiparae with singleten gestation. Ten milliliters morning "mid stream" urine samples were collected and centrifuged. Sanple was analyzed by SDS-AGE using the Hydragel proteinuria kit (Sebia), without prior concentration. Using the method of SDS-AGE, the urinaryelectrophoretic...
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