| Malnutrition is one of the key problem to a patient with a malignant tumor in digestive tract not only on preoperation but also on postoperation, because it can cause directly the immune function of the patient decrease, and a series of related complications such as infection then happened. Improving the immunity is very important for the result of the curing. Enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition are two kinds of availible nourishments support method. In 1968 Dudrick first report a treatment for nourishment outside the gut, and useing it for surgery sufferer. It can make patients that can not eat by mouth live for a long period of time, and also solved successfully the difficult problem that small intestines length reduce so hard that it can not digest and absorp food. At the same time parenteral nutrition can improve the conditions of malnutrition after operation. But along with parenteral nutrient was applicated extensively, its weakness appears gradually. many researches is already the proof that the long-term applying parental nutrition will make the sufferer immunodepression and increase septic morbidity. The gastrointeseinal tract has being studied principally for its digestive and absorptive function, and only recently has the gastrointeseinal tract been appreciated as a barrier to the intestinal toxins and organisms colonizing it. Many authors have postulated that the failure of barrier mechanisms in critically ill patients causes the gut to become a "motor of organ dysfunction." Enteral nutrition provids a more physiological route of delivery than parenteral nutrition, and it seems to be superior in preserving gut function and integrity. Enteral nutrition can also maintain the gut-associated lymphoid tissue stable, improve immune function of the body and decrease infection. In recent years, many authors are paying attention to the relationship between enteral nutrition and immunity of the body. To study the effect of post operative different nutrition support methods on immune function of patients with gastrointestional cancer, we choose 33 cases that are the patients with gastrointestional cancer, and receive operation therapy in our hospital. they were randomized to either enteral nutrition (EN) or parental nutritio (PN). The patients in EN group received Peptison and Nutrsion early enteral nutrition from postoperative day 1 to postoperative day 7. The patients in PN group received parenteral nutrition during this seven days. C3,C4,IgA,IgM,IgG and CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cell of the two groups patients were detected on the day before the operation and the postoperative days 1 and 8. The restoring time of intestinal movement and infective complications were observed. Results: As campared with the day before the operation, all the levels of C3,C4,IgA,IgM,IgG and CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cell in two groups were decreased. After 7 days the levels of C3,C4,IgA,IgG in EN group recovered (P<0.01), and the changes of C4,IgA,IgG in EN group were significantly different from PN group (P<0.05). The levels of CD3+,CD4+,NK cell in two groups and CD4+/CD8+ in EN group recovered (P<0.01), and the changes of CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cell in EN group were significantly different from PN group (P<0.05). The restoring time of intestinal movement was significantly decreased in the EN group (P<0.05) compared with PN group after operation. the incidence of infective complications in EN group was 11.76%, in PN group was 43.75% (P<0.05). The average days in hospital after operation was 2.45±0.36d in EN group, and 3.75±0.96d in PN group. we concluded that compaired with PN, EN can improve immune function, promote the recovery of intestinal function and decrease infection complications, shorten the average days in hospital after operation.
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