| Hameorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute inflammatory disease caused by Hantavirus (HV). The syndrome evolves through five phases: febrile, hypotensive, oliguric, diuretic, and convalescent. It's prevalent throughout most of Asia and Europe. China is a high emiting area of HFRS. Because of no particular therapeusis, its fatality still reach 3%～5% though recognization of people have been raised gradually and medicial measure have been improved unceasing. Especially when it accompanies acute renal failure(ARF), most of patient's conditions are dangerous and the fatality is high, it takes 50%～80% of death cause of HFRS and only conservative therapy is hard to have the intended effect. So blood purification becomes the key point of saving and curing HFRS-ARF at the right moment and hemodialysis (HD) has been acceptted by people extensively. Now, though many literatures home and abroad have reported treatment on HFRS -ARF by HD in many ways, large-samples analysis is rare. In this article, there are forty-six cases of treatment on HFRS-ARF by HD in recent eleven years. By systematic reviewing analysis, we manage to get a throughout conception to the treatment on HFRS-ARF by HD. We emphatically probe into the mechanism of treatment on HFRS-ARF by HD, occasio of HD, application of heparin, selection of blood vessel way, individualizatic doctrine of HD, treatment of complication, enforcing care in all periods and the relations between HD and comprehensive therapy.In the forty-six patients, young and strong farmers were the major part (65.2%). Most of them had the history of contacting rats. Forty patients(87.5%) had typical five phases. Most of them were serious form (30.4%) and critical form (58.7%) HFRS. The acute renal failure type was mostly oliguria (91.3%). moderate and severe renal failure took 97.8%. The values of BUN and CRE increased notably (100%). The injury of kidney was mainly in renal tubule and interstitium. Most of them had a large kidney in ultrasound. The renal intake and excretion function were injured, and the injury of excretion function was the major. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 26 (56.5%) patients. Twenty-one patients' (45.7%) occult blood was positive. There were liver disfunctions in twenty-eight patients (60.9%). Abnormalities of electrocardio and X-ray were twenty-one and seventeen cases respectively. The complications were twenty-one cavity pathway bleeding, twenty heart injuries, seventeen secondary infection, thirteen ascites, twelve hypervolemia syndrome, six pleural effusion and one cerebral hemorrhage. Early regular hemodialysis was given to get rid of the poision. All the cases were done with antibiotic, hemostasis, supportting and symptomatic therapy according to the patient's conditions. After the above-mentioned treatment, among the forty-six patients the uric amounts of thirty-one patients recovered to the normal level. Symptom, such as nausea, vomiting, lumbag, etc were all disappeared,body-examing showed nothing abnormal, reviewing renal function were normal and the thirty-one patients discharged with healing. Twelve patients' clinical symptoms took a turn for better. They all entered polyuria stage, redressed electrolyte disturbance, improved liver function, the values of BUN and CRE decreased transparently. They left hospital because of difficulty in economy. One case turned into chronic renal failure (CRF) for complicating tuberculosis of kidney (one kidney had been resected), died of cerebral hemorrhage after seven years regular hemodialysis. Two patients died. One died of hemoptysis, the other died of cerebral hemorrhage. The cure duration was 7～59 days, the mean one was 22.9 days.Discussing the action of hemodialysis are following. 1. It can Clean retentived various kinds of metabolic refuse induced by acute renal failure, relieve their toxic effect on all kinds of organs and histocytes of the body, especially the kidney. 2. It can output infective inflammation medium induced by primary disease, such as TNF,...
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