| [Background and objective]The occurrence of renal carcinoma was increasing notably and it was being severely harmful to humankind health recently. The carcinogenesis of renal tissue is a progression with many steps and phases and its mechanism is rather complex. A lot of reports have showed that activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes are involved in renal carcinoma. PTEN is a recently identified tumor suppress gene (TSG), has complexful functions including participating in the embryonic-growth , apoptosis and G1 phase cell block, inhibiting the migration and adherence. The newborn vessels can supply nutrition oxygen for tumors and discharge the metabolic wastes, which provide pathway for tumor metastasis and stimulate the growth of tumor. The angiogenesis is one of crucial steps to the carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Pi3K/AKT signal pathway is essential to vessel formation. PTEN inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway and it may inhibit the angiogenesis through controlling VEGF and TSP-1. The References of glioblastoma tumors reported that loss of PTEN may up-regulate Vascular endothehial growth factor (VEGF) expression, promote angiogene. But it was not clear if PTEN regulate VEGF expression in renal carcinoma. The expressions of PTEN,VEGF and microvessel density (MVD)were analyzed by immunohistochemical method to explore the mechanism of renal carcinogenesis.[Materials and methods]70 cases of surgically resected renal tumor tissues were colleced. Among themmale 38 case, female 32 cases .40 cases were renal clear cell carcinoma, and 30 cases were renal granule cell carcinoma, there were lymph nodes metastasis in 12 cases, and no lymph nodes metastasis in 58 cases ; Robson : I 28 cases, II 30 cases, III 11eases, IV 1 cases; Fuhrman grade: renal clear carcinoma Gl 10 cases, G2 16 cases, G3 12 cases , G4 2 cases-, renal granule carcinoma Gl 9 cases, G2 12 cases , G3 8 cases, G4 1 cases; 14 cases adjacent to the carcinoma tissues and 10 cases of normal renal tissues are contrast group. All the tissues were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. Four-um sections were cut from representative blocks of each case. SP immunohistochemical method was performed to detect the expression of PTEN, VEGF and CD34. The data were analyzed by soft Spss 10.0. Chi-square Test and Spearman analyze were used to compare the diffrence of PTEN and VEGF expressions between groups, T tcsl was used lo compove Ihe difference of MVD between groups. P<0.05 was considered as level of teses. [Results]l.The positive staining of PTEN mainly located in nucleus. The positive rate of PTEN expression was 42.9%in renal carcinoma tissue, the positive expression was 85.7% in renal tissues closely anjacent to carcinoma and the positive expression was 100% in normal renal tissues, a significant difference was observed between the three groups (P<0.05). The positive expression was respectively 45%, 40%in renal clear cell carcinoma, granule cell carcinoma , no significane difference was observed between the two groups(p>0.05).In Gl, G2 > G3-G4 grade renal clear cell carcinoma ,the positive rates were 80%, 43.8%and 14.3% respectively, in Gl , G2, G3-G4 grade renal granule cell carcinoma groups, the positive rates were 77.8% , 41.7%andll.l%respectively,the difference between them was significant(P<0.05);The positive expression was 64.3% in I renal carcinoma tissue,the positive expression was 33.3% in II renal carcinoma tissues and the positive expression was 16.7% in III ~ IV renal carcinoma tissues ,there was signififcant difference between them(p<0.05). In the group with and without lymph nodes metastasis, the positive rate were 16.7% and 48.3% respectively, the difference between them was significane (p<0.05).2.The positive staining of VEGF mainly located in cytoplasm of renal carcinomacells with the positive rate of 64.3%,the positive expression of VEGF in normal tissues was 10% and a significant difference was found beween two groups(p<0.05); The positive expression was respectively 62.
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