| Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the rectum and colon. Although the incidence of Asian countries is lower than that of western countries, over the last decade there has been a significant and progressive increase. It is characteristically chronic and debilitating, and can lead to severe tissue destruction with an increased risk of bowel cancer. So far the etiology and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis is unknown. Many people think that it is the result of interaction of a few of factors, involving immune, genetic and environmental factors. Results from many studies in people and animals of intestinal inflammation suggest that ulcerative colitis results from environmental factors triggering a loss of tolerance for normal intestinal flora in genetically susceptible individuals. The clinical manifestations of ulcerative colitis lack specificity and main symptoms are diarrhea, abdominal pain, mucous stool with pus and blood, fever, tenesmus and so on, often accompanying a number of extra intestinal manifestations, such as osteoarthropathy, dermatogic disease, ophthalmopathy, liver and gall disease, recurrent ulcer of oral cavity, peripheral angiopathy, lung disease. With the development of colonoscopy and pathologic technology of mucous membrane biopsy, the using value also improves constantly, especially the great significance to trace cancer prophase lesion. The aim of the treatment of ulcerative colitis is to control attack and maintain remission. In medicine treatment the investigations of salicylic acid, corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agent make great progress. With the deep research of the etiology and pathogenesis, the curative emphasis has been laid to shut off every important link pointing to the pathogenesis. Thus infectious factor, genetic susceptibility and immune abnormity may become the target. Evidences suggest that given chromosome has the relation to the occurrence of some disease, so advanced definitude of susceptible gene will develop prominent influence to gene therapy. Now the most research is still to interfere in abnormal immunologic reaction and point to some capital cytokines to give the therapy in inflammation cascade reaction. This can block immunoreactive damage effectively to achieve therapeutic purpose. This article carried out retrospective analysis focused on 116 patients with UC in our hospital in 12 years. The aim of my study is to assess the incidence and the clinical course of the disease. Results are as following: 1.In China chronic UC is being identified with increasing frequency. The disease is seen in both sexes with equal frequency. Peak prevalence of UC occurs among the age groups 30-39 years and 50-59 years. The course of the second peak age is unknown, but some researchers consider that it is relative to the occurrence of the mesentery vascular disease. 2. Duration of the disease is short, and none of 116 patients has a family history. 3.The clinical manifestations of UC lack specificity, common symptoms are diarrhea(77.6%), abdominal pain(77.6%), mucous stool with pus and blood(70.7%). The majority of whole group present three or more than three symptoms, but there is a simple symptom seen in 7%. 4. Among 116 patients, 6% that are moderate to serious have extraintestinal manifestations. This incidence is much lower than that reported in Western countries. Arthralgia and liver lesion are the most frequent extraintestinal manifestations, including chronic hepatitis in three cases. Now there are some explanations about UC accompanying chronic hepatitis. They are (1) the impaired produce of autoimmunity; (2) to infect viral hepatitis in transfusion; (3) the increasing of the virus absorbed by intestinal tract after bowel wall injuries; (4) dystrophia. 5. The kind of chronic relapse accounts for 69.0%. The main course is that the medicine reduces dose or stops using without the doctor's conduction and the diet is not correct. 6. The distribution of the disease in the colon shows pancolitis in 29.3%, left-sided colitis in 32. |
