Expression Of Smad4,TβRⅡ And P21～(waf1) In Esophageal Squamous Cancer Tissue And Its Biological Significance

TGF β is an important factor that control tumor proliferation and differentiation, TGF β can inhibit several kinds tumor cells' growth in vitro.lt is a common thing that the level of TGF β in tumor is very high,the abnormal of TGF β receptor and pathway under the TGF β receptor will stop the pass of TGF β' message.All these factors that mentioned above will allow tumor cell escape form TGF β -mediated cell cycle control,and resistance to the growth-inhibitory effects of TGF β , which is an important mechanism that permits the tumor grow quickly in vivo.Objective: To examine the expression of soiad4, TβRII and p21wafl in esophageal squamous cancer tissue and normal tissue by analysing the subtance under the TGF 3 singaling and explore its biological significance by using immunohistochemical method.Methods: Smad4, T β RII and p21wafl were deteced by immunohistochemical method of avidin-biotin complex in formalin-fixed specimens of 80 patients and normal esophageal tissue.Results: Smad4 , T β R II expressed in the plasm of the cell,while p21wafl expressed in the nuclear of the cell .The positive rates of Smad4 in the tissue of grade I , without infiltration,and without lymph node metastasis were 56%,49%and 57% respectively.The positive rates of T 3 R II , p21wafl were significantly higher in the tissues of histological grade I ,without infiltration into deep muscular layer and without lymph node metastasis than that of histological grade III .with infiltration into deep muscular or serous layer and with lymph node metastasis(p<0.05).There was a significant relationship of the expression among three factors in cancer tissues.Conclusions:The decreasing expression of Smad4 Tβ RII and p21wafl .may be an important mechanism that permit esophageal squamous cancer tissue to loss the reacting ability to TGF- β , Smad4 T β RII and p21waf' may be associated with the riseof stage and cell grade, the positive expression rate of smad4 T RII and p21wafl in the cancer goes down as the stage and grade rise up.