| Background and Objective: Oromaxillofacial sarcoma(OMFS) is a malignant tumor originated from mesenchymal tissue of oral and maxillofacial region which not only has obvious difference of histology, many kinds and lower incidence rate but also is characterized by high malignant degree, early distant metastasis, insignificant effect for combined therapy and poor prognosis.It is essential for correct treatment decisions and better survival rates to make extensive research on the development mechanisms and the biological character of oromaxillofacial sarcoma, understanding the molecular mechanisms of metastasis is critical with respect to oral tumorigenesis. focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a pivotal role in signal transduction at integrin-linked cellular adhesions, which mediate cell contact with the extracellular matrix. It has been shown to play a role in the survival of anchorage-dependent cells and to be essential for integrin-linked cell migration - processes that are likely to play important roles in the development of malignancies. FAK is an intracellular tyrosine kinase associated with the regulation of cell growth, migration, and survival. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether elevated FAK expression in oromaxillofacial sarcoma was associated with increased invasiveness and metastasis. To detect the expression of FAK and MMP-9 and uPA in oromaxillofacial sarcoma and to study their correlation with clinicopathological data including tumor type, grade and lymph node status.Material and Method:1. Thirty-seven cases of OMFS samples, 14 cases of benign mesenchymal tumors and 5 cases of normal mesenchymal tissues of oral and maxillofacial region were collected at the first teaching hospital of zhengzhou university, patients hadn't received preoperative chemotherapy or radiation therapy.the tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and embedded in paraffin.2. Immunohistochemical streptavidin peroxidase method was used to detect the expression of FAK and MMP-9 and uPA in OMFS and benign mesenchymal tumors.3. The results were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 software wrap, and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results1 . In oromaxillofacial sarcomas,positive staining for FAK was mainly observed in the cytoplasm and/or on the membrane of tumour cells as well as some mesenchymal cells, and its positive rate was 62.16% (23/37);FAK express was detected in 14.29% (2/14) of benign tumors,and a significant diffenence was found between the two groups (P <0.05) .in the there groups of highly, moderately and poorly differentiated of OMFS,the positive rates of FAK were 33.33% (4/12), 70.00% (7/10) and 80.00% (12/15) .respectively .There was a significant difference between highly differentiated group and poorly differentiated group(P <0.05) .the expression level of FAK was significantly higher in locally recurrent sarcomas than that in primary sarcomas, while no statistical significance was found (P >0.05) . There was a significant difference between sarcomas with distant metastasis and lymph node metastasis and the other sarcomas (P <0.05 ) .2. In OMFS ,the positive rate of uPA is 70.27 % (26/37), while the positive rate is 21.43 % (3/14) in benign tumors, There was a significant difference between the two groups(P <0.05 ) .in the there groups of highly, moderately and poorly differentiated of OMFS,the positive rates of uPA were 41.67% (5/12) and 70.00%(7/10) and 93.33%(14/15), respectively. There was a significant difference between highly differentiated group and poorly differentiated group (P <0.05 ) . the expression level of uPA was significantly higher in locally recurrent sarcomas than in primary sarcomas (P <0.05) .in sarcomas with distantmetastasis and/or lymph node metastasis,the positive expression of uPA tended to increase compared to the other sarcomas, while no statistical significance was found (P >0.05 ) .3. In OMFS , the positive rate of MMP-9 is 62. 16% (23/37);while the positive rate is 21.
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