Significance Of Mutant P53,p73,ER And PR Expression In Esophageal Carcinoma And Precancerous Lesions

Objective: To test the expression of mutant p53,p73,ER and PR proteins inthe esophageal normal mucosa, hyperplasia, dysplasia and squamous cellcarcinoma. To research clinically pathological significance and correlation of theexpression of mutant p53 ,P73,ER and PR proteins in the esophagealnormal mucosa, hyperplasia, dyplasia and squamous cell carcinoma.To providea powerful biologically backing for early diagnosis, prognostic measure andtherapy in clinic. Methods:Immunohistochemistry was demonstrated to showthese tumor marker's expression in different epithelial lesions of 40esophageal squamous cell carcinomas,14 dysplasias,14 hyperplasias and 14normal mucosas, and the clinical statistcs findings were analysed. Results:Theexpression of p73 was respectively 55%,21%,0%and 0% in the esophagealcarcinoma, dysplasia, hyperplasia and normal mucosa. Significant difference inexpression of P73(p<0.001) was observed between the esophageal normalmucosia,hyperplasia,dysplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma withFisher's exact test. Difference in expression of P73(p<0.05) was observedbetween the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia with χ2 test.The expression of p73 showed non-correlation with the patient's age, sex,tumor's grade, lymph-node metastasis and invasive deep(p>0.05); Similarly ,theexpression of mutant p53 was respectively 67.5%,35.7%,7% and 0% in theesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, dysplasia,hyperplasia and normal mucosa.Significant difference in expression of P53(p<0.001) was observed between theesophageal normal mucosia, hyperplasia, dysplasia and esophageal squamouscell carcinoma with Fisher's exact test. Difference in expression of P53(p<0.05)was observed between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasiawith χ~2 test. The expression of p53 showed non-correlation with the patient'sage, sex, tumor's grade, metastasis and invasive deep(p>0.05);In like manner,the expression of ER was respectively 55%,21.4%,14.2% and 0% in theesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, dysplasia,hyperplasia and normal mucosa.Significant difference in expression of ER(p<0.001) was observed between theesophageal normal mucosia, hyperplasia, dysplasia and esophageal squamouscell carcinoma with Fisher's exact test. Difference in expression of ER(p<0.05)was observed between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasiawith χ2 test. The expression of ER(p<0.05) was correlated with the patient's ageand lymph-node matastasis, and showed non-correlation with the patient's sex,tumor's grade, metastasis and invasive deep(p>0.05); the expression of PR wasrespectively 57.5%,14.28%,0% and 0% in the esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma, dysplasia,hyperplasia and normal mucosa. Significant difference inexpression of PR(p<0.001) was observed between the esophageal normalmucosia,hyperplasia,dysplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma withFisher's exact test. Difference in expression of PR(p<0.05) was observedbetween the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and dysplasia with χ2 test.The expression of PR(p<0.05) was correlated with lymph-node matastasis, andshowed non-correlation with the patient's age, sex, tumor's grade, and invasivedeep(p>0.05); Moreover, over-expression of mutant p53 and p73 showedsignificant correlation with ER and PR protein's positive expression(p<0.05).Conclusion: p73 gene may play important role in development of theesophageal squamous cell carcinoma; P73 protein was over-expressed in theesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, while it was no-expressed in theesophageal normal mucosia and hyperplasia. This result hints that p73 proteinmay become a new tumor's marker to diagnose esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma; Because the expression of p73 protein was closely correlated withER and PR, p73 protein, ER and PR were simultaneously examined to help toearly diagnose, prognoticate and cure esophageal carcinoma.