| Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of threeshort tandem repeats (STR) loci in Maonan ethnic group in GuangXi province andexplored the origins of Maonan ethnic group. Materials and methods: Bloodspecimens were collected from 200 healthy unrelated Maonan individuals inGuangXi province, DNA was extracted by using method of Chelex-100 extracting.Three STR locus in Maonan ethnic group were screened by using AmpF?STRIdentifilerTM PCR Amplification Kit and 3100 Genetic Analyzer. Statisticsanalysis:SPSS-χ2 examination and phylogenetic analysis. Results: There were 5alleles and 14 genotypes in TPOX locus, 6 alleles and 19 genotypes in TH01 locus,7 alleles and 21 genotypes in CSF1PO locus. The allele distributions of the lociwere in good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The heterozygosity(H)of the 3 locus were 0.625,0.735,0.695 respectively; the discrimination powersuccessively were(DP) 0.7900,0.8609,0.8937 and the exclusion probability ofpaternity exclusion(EP) were 0.4590,0.5933,0.6735 in turn. The result ofmeasuring Genetic Distance showed: Zhuang in Guangxi province(0.0278)→Shuiin Guangxi province(0.0327)→Miao in Guangxi province (0.2173) →LiinHainan province(0.2208)→Jing in Guangxi province(0.2316)→Dai in Yunnanprovince (0.2336) →Buyi in Yunnan province(0.2367)→Han in Guangxiprovince(0.2459)→Hasake in Xinjiang province(0.5202). The result ofphylogenetic analysis showed: Maonan, Zhuang , Shui, Miao in Guangxi province,Li in Hainan province, Jing in Guangxi province, Dai in Yunnan province, BuyiinYunnan province became one cluster. Han in Guangxi province and Hasake inXinjiang province was another cluster. Conclusions: The relationship betweenMaonan, Zhuang and Shui in Guangxi province is the closest .Combinded withresearch results of ethnology,linguistics and Y-SNP, Maonan in Guangxi provincepossibly originated from ancient Baiyue minority. The datas obtained can be alsoused in population forensic application.
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