Application Of Ultrasound Integrated Backscatter In Measurement Of Hyperthyroidism

Ultrasonic integrated backscatter is a recently rapidlydevelopmental technique of histological quantitativecharacterization, based on principle of ultrasonic integratedbackscatter, by analyzing, dealing with ultrasonicradiofrequency signals returned from the tissue.Object: we applied the integrated backscatter toevaluate thyroid, comparing the IBS with thehyperparathyroidism patients and normal subjects, aimed todetect the IBS changes and reference value of thyroid inhyperparathyroidism, and to discuss the clinic value of thetechnique to hyperparathyroidism.Method:All the subjects were classified 2 groups,patients and normal subjects, ALL value, PPI value and SDIvalue of all subjects'thyroid were examined (Sonos 5500),and Calculate IBS% value, PPI% value, and SDI%VALUE,then respectively to compare.Results: (1) IBS% valve of thyroid parenchyma hadno significant difference in normal subjects at far, near andmiddle field, thyroid parenchyma IBS% value of eachgroup (>50years) distinctly decreased compare with theeach group (<50years), and there was statistically different.(2) thyroid parenchyma IBS% value of patient groupdistinctly decreased Compare with control group, and there wasstatistically different. Thyroid parenchyma PPI, SDI valueof patient group distinctly decreased compare with controlgroup, and there was statistically different. Thyroidparenchyma PPI% value, SDI% value of patient groupdistinctly decreased, but there was no statistically different.There is no distinctly statistically different. In the patientgroups classified by age and sex. Discussion: ultrasonic IBS technique study tissuecharacteristic to realize histological quantitativecharacterization by analyzing some acoustic densitometryparameter, and offer a new way for quantitative analysis totissue original acoustic signal. Follicular epithelial cells thatparticipate to compose thyroid are scattering source well,application of IBS technique can analyze quantitativelychanges in company with thyroid pathological process. Hyperparathyroidism is a commonly encountereddisease at clinic and ultrasonic diagnosis, the cause morbidis considered to be connected to primary autoimmunemechanism, one of many mechanisms caused tohyperparathyroidism that is anti-thyroid gland antibodies inpatient's body is more specific, the most important of theseis likely autoantibody combined with TSH (hydrotropichormone) receptor, the autoantibody is classified, one isthyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins(TSI), the other isthyroid growth-stimulating immunoglobulins (TGI) 。Because the effect of the autoantibody is similar to TSH,the patient's thyroid enlargement Dues to anti-thyroid-stimulating antibody acted onthyroid, the stimulating antibody is similar to TSH effect,and is a kind of antibody aimed to TSH receptor of thyroidcells. These antibodies stimulated follicular epithelial cellshyperplasia together. Making thyroid potentate the functionof uptaking iodine. The thyroid enlargement symmetricallydiffusely is two-four times as normal, the texture is soft, thecut noodle is grayish reddish, and the colloid is less.Microscope: the important feature is hyperplasia of smallfollicular epithelial cells. The small follicular epithelialcells is cuboids cell, big follicular epithelial cells is highcolumn, and forming protuberance towards intracavities.The colloid of follicular epithelial cells cavities is less andrarer, there are different sizes vacuoles at the periphery ofthe colloid, namely near epithelium, even not seen colloidin some follicles. Mesenchyme is abundant in the vascular,distinctly congestive, seen lymphatic invasion and lymphfollicle formation. Thyroid disease caused by many reasons, acting onthyroid functional cell-folic synthesize and secrete muchthyroid hormone follicular epithelial cells is common link.if the cause morbid exists continuously, the function andmember of follicular epithelial cells has changed, and thenproduced a series of clinical symptoms.hyperparathyroidism is auto-immunity system anomaly,generated auto-antibody, continuously acted on follicularepithelial cells, marked not only their activity potentiatized,synthesize and secrete much thyroid hormone, the colloiddecreased in cell;But also make follicular epithelial cellshyperplasic, number increase, different sizes. Mesenchymeis abundant in the vascular, and there are lymphaticinvasion. AD (acoustic densitometry) evaluate the signalintensity of histological microstructure Ultrasonicintegrated backscatter. So applying acoustic histologicalcharacterization to study histological pathological feature intheory. Furthermore pathologic change is microstructureand scattering bodies'changes in the tissue, likely makeIBS change, and then sensibility is increased in ultrasonicdiagnosis. IBS value lied on sort, size and number, thiswoks, when T3 T4 is increasing in patients'blood, thyroidenlarged, follicle number is decreased unit volume,synthesizing thyroid hormone is more than secretingthyroid hormone, the colloid of follicular epithelial cellscavities is less and rarer, there are different sizes vacuoles atthe periphery of the colloid, namely near epithelium. Andthyroid lymphocyte number is increased, vascular is alsoincreased unite tissue, result in scattering source decreasingunite volume, then did ultrasonic radiofrequency signals,therefore, patients'thyroid IBS% is low relative to normal'. In this experimentation, thyroid parenchyma IBS%value of each group (>50 years) distinctly decreasedcompare with the each group (<50 years), and there wasstatistically different (p<0.05). It is indicated that thyroidoccurred owned degeneration, result in IBS% valuedecreased, which is connected with the devolution andatrophy of follicular epithelial cells and the increase ofinterstitial fibers. There was no phenomenon at patientgroups; pathological change caused by hyperparathyroidismerase the changes. In the experiment, SDI value exist difference but nosignificance in patient group at far-middle-and near-field.That demonstrate thyroid parenchyma pathological changesnot are symmetrical and diffused, but have low stragglinggrade as hyperthyroidism.. In patient group, PPI value andPPI% value is obviously degrade and exist significance. Inthe experiment, That PPI value and PPI% value both arelower than normal control group demonstrations that thecolloid in follicular cells of thyroid decreases ashyperthyroidism. There are lots of inequalities of sizevacuole in the follicular cells perimeter. All of this makePPI value low. So IBS parameter changes could evaluatethyroid structure diversity when thyroid take placepathological changes. Therefore, IBS hope to graduallybecome one of routine methods o detect thyroid. Thetechnique should provide reliable evidence to analyzethyropathy. Conclusion: (1) The IBS technique could classify thedifference between the physiology and pathologic state ofthyroid in some degree. (2) With the application of IBStechnique, pathologic change of thyroid can be evaluated...