A Case-Control Study On Risk Factors Of Intracranial Tumors In Shandong Province

Intracranial tumors are common diseases in central nervous system, including primary brain tumors and metastatic tumor. These diseases are more likely developed in the persons who are 20 to 50 years old. The prognoses of most malignant intracranial tumors are werse. According to statistical data, the mean survival time of low malignacy primary intracranial tumor patients are 3 to 5 years, and the high malignancy primary intracranial tumor patients are 1 to 2 years. Primary intracranial tumors seriously influence the health of humanity.During the surgery and radio or chemical therapy, patients would feel great distress and their families have to afford huge economic expends. Possible permanent disability and deprivation of labor due to intracranial tumors or surgery therapy would seriously reduce the life quality of patients and their families, and it may lead to some social problems. So it is very significant to take preventive measures to reduce the incidence of primary intracranial tumors exclude dedicating to the improvement of diagnosis and therapy of intracranial tumors.However, the domestic and foreign studies about intracranial tumors mainly concentrate on bionomical characteristics , gene mutations and clinical treatments of tumors, but studies on etiology of intracranial tumors are less reported. So, we will carry out a hospital-based case-control study in Shandong province and collect epidemical materias by the questionnaire designed by ourselves, to analyze the relationship between exposures and intracranial tumors, including three different histological intracranial tumors using unconditional logistic regression and 1:2 conditional logistic regresson models. The purpose of this study is searching for risk factors and protective factors of intracranial tumors and three different histological intracranial tumors including glioma,meningioma and pituitary tumors, proposing effective preventive measures, supplying scientific evidences for prevention and control of intracranial tumors, and eatabilshing bases for carrying out large-scale epidemic studies on intracranial tumors in Shandong province. This study not only possesses important reality meaning and academic value, but also possesses major economical and social benefits.Results:1. Univariate analysis(1) Influence factors of intracranial tumorsThere are 7 possible risk factors which may influence the incidence of intracranial tumors: cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day, deep smoking , passive smoking, using electric blanket over 16 months, occupational contact with gasoline and diesel fuel or insecticide. Three possible protective factors are alcohol consumption less than 20 ml/d, beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d and drinking index less than 35.(2) Influence factors of three different histological intracranial tumorsAccording to unconditional logistic regression model, (a) possible risk factors of glioma are male,family history of brain tumors, cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day, deep smoking , passive smoking, usually contact with insecticide, great psychological pressure and introversion;possible protective facors are alcohol consumption less than 20 ml/d, beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d , drinking index less than 35, high consumption of vagertable and enough outdoor sports; (b)possible risk factors of meningioma are female, cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day, smoking index more than 600,deep smoking , passive smoking from spouse, high consumption of cured fish ,occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel and X-ray examination after head injury ;possible protective facors are drinking, alcohol consumption less than 20 ml/d, beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d , drinking index less than 35,the habit of drinking weak tea and green tea; (c)possible risk factors of pituitary tumor are age, passive smoking from spouse and occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel.According to conditional logistic regression model, (a)possible risk factors of glioma are eight, including family history of brain tumors, deep smoking , passive smoking,history of head injury,usually contact with insecticide, great psychological pressure and introversion;possible protective facors are alcohol consumption less than 20 ml/d, beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d , drinking index less than 35, high consumption of vagertable and enough outdoor sports; (b)possible risk factors of meningioma are nine, including smoking, cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day, smoking index more than 600,deep smoking , passive smoking from spouse, high consumption of cured fish ,occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel,usually contacting with insecticide and X-ray examination after head injury ;possible protective facors are drinking, alcohol consumption less than 20 ml/d, beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d, drinking index less than 35,the habit of drinking light tea and green tea; (c)possible risk factors of pituitary tumor are passive smoking from spouse,occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel and X-ray examination of head and neck.2. Multivariable analysis(1) Influence factors of intracranial tumorsThere are 4 possible risk factors which may influence the incidence of intracranial tumors: passive smoking from spouse and colleague, occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel and usually contacting with insecticide; two possible protective factors are drinking and beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d.(2) Influence factors of three different histological intracranial tumorsAccording to unconditional logistic regression model, (a)possible risk factors of glioma are family history of brain tumors, deep smoking and usually contact with insecticide;(b)possible risk factors of meningioma are cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day, passive smoking from spouse and high consumption of cured fish; possible protective facors are beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d; (c)possible risk factors of pituitary tumor are passive smoking from spouse and occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel.According to conditional logistic regression model, (a)possible risk factors of glioma are family history of brain tumors, deep smoking and contact with insecticide;possible protective facors are drinking;(b)possible risk factors of meningioma are cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day, passive smoking from spouse and usually contacting with insecticide;possible protective facors are drinking green tea; (c)possible risk factors of pituitary tumor are occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel.Conclusions:1. Risk factors of intracranial are passive smoking from spouse and colleague,occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel and usually contacting with insecticide; protective factors are beer alcohol consumption less than 9ml/d.2. Risk factors of three histological intracranial tumors are different.(a) Risk factors of glioma are family history of brain tumors, deep smoking and usually contact with insecticide; (b) Risk factors of meningioma are cigarette consumption over 40 cigarettes per day and passive smoking from spouse; (c) Risk factors of pituitary tumor is occupational contact with gasoline or diesel fuel.