A Survey Of Obesity And Obesity-related Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Objectives: To find out the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and obesity-related diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type2 diabetes of the civilian in our city. To discuss the relationship between overweight/obesity and hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type2 diabetes. To investigate the discrepancy of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among different age groups and gender groups. To analyse the cooccurence of overweight/obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors.Methods: Using Ministry of Health, Disease Control Department 2003 Chinese adult guideline on overweight/obesity prevention and control, totally 5122 cases who were in the second hospital of HeBei medical University for health examination were divided into 3 groups according to their body mass index(BMI). Using chi-square tests we investigate the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and type2 diabetes among different BMI groups. Using Logistic Regression we investigate the regression model of blood pressure, serum lipids, and fasting blood sugar between normal weight group and overweight/obesity group. Using Kruskal-Wallis H analyse we investigate the cooccurence of overweight/obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Of the totally 5122 cases, the overweight number is 2219 (male 1229, female 920), while the obesity number is 856 (male 444, female 412). The overweight rate of the investigatees is 42.0% (male 41.0 %, female 43.3 %), while the obesity rate is 16.7 %(male 14.8 %, female 19.4 %). The prevalence of obesity was higher in females than in males (p <0.001), and increased with age in females (P <0.05). The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type2 diabetes increased with the level of BMI (p <0.01) too, except the prevalence of dyslipidemia of males between overweight group and obesity group, and the prevalence of type2 diabetes of females between obesity group and normal body weight group. Using Logistic Regression the model of blood pressure, serum lipids, and fasting blood sugar between normal weight males/females/all the subjects and overweight/obesity males/females/all the subjects are discussed. The results as follows: total cholesterol and HDL can not enter the regression model in mal group, female group and all the subjects. Furthermore, fasting blood sugar can not enter the regression model in male group, and diastolic blood pressure can not enter the regression model in female group. Kruskal-Wallis H analyse was used to analyse the cooccurence of overweight/obesity and the family history of hypertension and type2 diabetes, smoking, drinking, and the shortage of exercise. There is a trend of the cooccurence of overweight /obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, this tendency is much more evident in males than in females. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight/obesity of the civilian in our city is worrisome, both themselves and the medical workers should put more importance on it. Overweight/obesity is closely correlative with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type2 diabetes. The level of blood pressure, serum lipids, and fasting blood sugar are increased with the level of BMI because of insulin resistence primarily. Weight loss will improve the prevention and treatment of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type2 diabetes reasonably and effectively. There is a trend of increase of the female obesity rate by aging. Weight gain after menopause is probably related to the decline of estrogen. Overweight/obesity is not only a risk factor of cardiovascular disease itself, but also a symbol of the cooccurence of other cardiovascular risk factors. It reminds us that we should put more importance on the cooccurence of excessive cardiovascular risk factors.