Study On The Distribution Characteristics Of Essential Hypertension In Kazakh Population Of Shawan And The Relationship Between Polymorphism Of ACEI/D And Essential Hypertension

Objective: Based on epidemic investigation of essential hypertension(EH) in Kazakh crowd in Shawan region in Xinjiang, detecting the distribution of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion(ACE I/D) polymorphism and surveying the riskes of environmental factors. It explores the relationship among hypertention , ACE I/D and the environmental factors. Further more, it analyses the interaction of genetic-environmental to hypertention.Methods: Chosing rural areas and pasturelang of Sha-wan region and applying stratified and cluster sampling. We did some questionnaires, took the blood sample collection and measured the related index signs of over 18 years old Kazakhs living in this region for a long period. Then we counted the prevalence rate of hypertension in Kazakh and analysed the environmental factors to hypertension in Kazakh .Based on the cross-sectional study , sampling 151 cases of the hypertension patients as the control, 200 examples with the normal blood pressure as the matched control, and carring on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect its genotypes, we analysed the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphizm and hypertension , exploresd the interaction of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism- environment on essential hypertension in Kazakh Population of Xinjiang. Statistical analysises adoptχ~2 test,one-factor ,multivariate analysis,count the values ofχ~2 ,P,OR,OR95% CI and check the accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the group.Results: 1.Environmental factors predisposing to EH 1) the essential hypertension prevalence rate is 37.91%, the male is 43.05%, the female is 34.07%, and along with the age growth,it advances the tendency. 2) the single factor analysis, the age, the sex, the marriage, occupation ,cultural degree, the obesity and the overweight,and so on are related with hypertension. 3)Through the screening of unconditional logistic regression, the age(OR=5.50 , 95%CI:3.71～8.15),the sex(OR=1.50 , 95%CI: 1.12～1.99), the obesity (OR=4.35 , 95%CI:1.50～5.68),the overweight(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.39～2.68),and so on concern with hypertension.2. Interaction of the ACE I/D polymorphism with environmental factors on EH 1)Among cases with hypertension,the frenquency of Angiotension-converting enzyme I/D DD,ID,II genotype were 43.71%,34.44%,21.85%,compared with controls'28.00 % , 48.50 %, 23.50% respectively,the two groups have significant difference (χ2=16.204,P=0.000). Using II genotype as reference,the OR of DD and ID genotype were 2.383(95%CI:1.35-4.21),0.910 (95%CI:0.53-1.57)respectively.60.93% D and 39.07% I allele were distributed in hypertention cases ,while 47.75% D and 52.25% I in controls,the two groups have significant difference (χ2=12.00, P=0.001).The OR for Dallele in relation to I allele was 1.706(95%CI:1.26-2.31) when I allele was used as reference .2) Angiotension-converting enzyme DD genotype might interact with smoking ,eating excessive salt, eating salty flesh chronically, overweight might interact with DD,ID genotypes, the values of ORs are2.82(1.10～7.12),7.24(2.67～19.61),4.72(1.52～14.66),28.19(7.87～91.05)respectively.Conclusions:1)It could reduce the incidence of hypertension if no smoking,no drinking,controling weight and decreasing salt.2 ) Interaction between Gene and entironment showed that Angiotension-converting enzyme DD genotype might increase the risk of hypersion..3) Angiotension-converting enzyme DD genotype might interact with smoking , and excessive salt. eating salty flesh chronically and overweight.