The Identification, Artificial Cultivation And Breeding Of Medicinal Mushroom Phellinus Baumii

The identification, artificial cultivation and breeding of medicinal mushroomPhellinus baumii were studied in this paper."Sanghuang" is a Traditional Chinese Medicine, it has been used for medicine for along time. But the kinds of mushroom used for "sanghuang" were confused in themarket. To elucidate the species used for "sanghuang", a lot of documents about"sanghuang" were studied and the problems of mushrooms used for "sanghuang"were discussed in this paper. At the same time, the 7 stains called "sanghuang" wereidentified based on the morphology and ITS sequence. The results showed that thestrain SA01 was identified as P linteus, strain SA02,SA05,SA06 and SA07 wereidentified as P. baumii, SA03 and SA04 were identified as P. gilvus. The results ofidentification would be beneficial for next work.In China, the wild resources of "sanghuang" were decreased gradually, but therequirement of the medicine in the market increased quickly. To get the medicinematerial and its active substance persistently, the artificial cultivation including solidculture, wood-log cultivation and submerged culture of P. baumii was studied in thispaper. The results of solid culture showed that the optimal carbon sources, nitrogensources were glucose, soy peptone, respectively. The conditions of pH6.0, 28-32℃,65％water content in the medium and dark were suitable for the growth of mycelium.In the wood-log cultivation, basidiocarp formation and growth had 9 stages of the firstyear in the outdoor cultivation, they were vegetative mycelium, primordium, lamellar,fruit body forming, mature fruit body, high temperature dormancy, growing after hightemperature, low temperature dormancy, growing after low temperature, respectively.The stage of mature fruit body was good for medicine and its fruit body extractedwith ethanol showed strong antioxidant activity. The submerged culture conditions forthe production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS) showed that theglucose (40 g/l) was the most suitable carbon source for both mycelial biomass andEPS production, soy peptone (6 g/l) were favorable nitrogen sources for both mycelial biomass and EPS production. The optimal inoculum volume, initial pH andtemperature for both mycelial growth and EPS production in shake flask cultures were6％, 6.0 and 28℃, respectively. The study obtained basic datas for better artificialcultivation of P baumii.It is important to breed good strains, for the degeneration of spawn was serious inthe artificial cultivation. In the experiment, the mycelial antagonistic effects, the ITSsequences, the mycelial growth rate, the mycelial biomass and EPS production of 7stains were analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the strain SA02 and SA04were good strains which can be used for parents in the protoplast fusion. In theprocess of protoplast fusion, the inactivated parents protoplast and the PEG inductionwere used, 3 fusant R002, R003 and R005 were gotten.