Association Between ACE, CYP11B2 And α-adducin Gene Polymorphisms And Pulse Pressure In Primary Hypertensive And Normotensive Subjects

Objective: The aim was to investigate the association between ACE, CYP11B2 andα-adducin gene polymorphisms and pulse pressure(PP) in primary hypertensive and normotensive subjects.Methods: I/D polymorphism of ACE gene, -344T/C polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene and 460G/T polymorphism ofα-adducin gene were detected by polymerase chain reation(PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)method in 1081 primary hypertensive and 604 normotensive subjects. The primary hypertensive subjects and normotensive subjects were divided respectively into three groups: PP <40mmHg, 40-59mmHg and≥60mmHg. Chi-square test was used to analyze qualitative data, t-test or analysis of variance was used to analyze quantitative data. Then binary stepwise Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between gene polymorphisms and PP, which being considered confounding factors like age, sex , body mass index(BMI), triglyeride(TG), total cholesterol (TC), creatinine(Cr), uric acid(URIC), heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), smoking(yse/no), drinking(yes/no), hypertension history(year), using hypotensive drug (yes/no) , etc.Results: 1. Blood presue and Cr were significantly different between primary hypertensive and normotensive subjects(P<0.05), and other factors were not significantly different between two groups(P>0.05). 2. The frequencies of different genotypes of ACE, CYP11B2, andα- adducin were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in our study(P >0.05)). 3. No significant difference was detedcted in frequencies of genotypes of ACE, CYP11B2 andα- adducin gene among three different level PP groups in primary hypertensive and normotensive subjects(P>0.05). 4. In primary hypertensive, the frequencies of ACE-DD +CYP11B2 -CC/TC genotype (12.1%) and ACE-DD+CYP11B2- CC/TC+α-adducin-TT genotype(4.9%)were significantly higher in≥60mmHg group than <40mmHg(5.3% and 1.4%)group and 40-59mmHg(6.8% and 1.5%)group (p<0.005). In normotensive subjects, the frequencies of ACE-DD+α-adducin-TT genotype(8.2%) and ACE-DD +CYP11B2 -CC/TC+α- adducin-TT genotype (8.2%) were significantly higher in PP≥60mmHg group than <40mmHg(1.8% and 0.7%)group and 40-59mmHg(1.8% and 0.7% ) group (p<0.05). 5. Binary Logistic stepwise regression results demonstrated that ACE-DD+CYP11B2-CC/TC+α-adducin-TT genotype and age entered the model after adjusting confounding factors. ACE-DD+CYP11B2-CC/TC+α-adducin-TT genotype was significantly associated with high pulse pressure(≥60mmHg)in both primary hypertensive(P=0.005) and normotensive groups (P=0.044). The odds ratios (OR)were 3.318(95%CI:1.432-7.684) and 4.556(95%CI:1.042-19.929).Conclusion: The risk of high PP was increased in both primary hypertensive and normotensive subjects whom carried ACE-DD, CYP11B2-TC/CC andα-adducin-TT genotypes at the same time, and this combination of genotype was the independent risk fator of high PP.