Study On Chemical Constituents And Biological Activities Of The Aerial Parts Of Scrophularia Ningpoensis Hemsl.

Xuan-shen (Radix Scrophulariae) is well known as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine which has the effects of cooling the blood and nourishing "yin". According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2005 edition, Xuan-shen is derived from the dried root of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., which belongs to Scrophulariaceae. Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. mainly distributes in Zhejiang province, Shaanxi province, Anhui province and Jiangsu province. At present, many researches have reported chemical constituents and biological activities of Radix Scrophulariae. There have been no reports about the chemical constituents and biological activities of leaves of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., and the leaves of this plant have been used for the treatment of infection in civilian. A great deal aerial parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. are discarded every year. In order to fully utilize natural resources, enlarge herbal medicine and develop the value of leaves of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., it is necessary to study the chemical constituents and biological activities of the aerial parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.. This paper has three major part:Part oneThe aerial parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. were extracted with 70% alcohol. The extracts were concentrated in vacuo and then extracted in petroleum benzine, EtOAc, n-butanol, successively to give different fractions. These fractions of the aerial parts were separated and repurified by Silica gel column and preparatived liquid chromatography to obtain eight compounds. The structures of compounds were identified by spectral evidence of UV, IR, NMR and MS. These compounds are identified as aucubin, harpagide, eurostoside, harpagoside, scrokoelziside A, scrokoelziside B, nepitrin and homoplantaginin. In addition to, eurostoside, scrokoelziside A and scrokoelziside B were obtained from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. for the first time. Nepitrin and homoplantaginin were obtained from the plants of Scrophulariaceae for the first time.Part twoA HPLC method was used for simultaneous quantitative determination of two triterpene glycosides in the different parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.. AHPLC-MS method was established for simultaneous quantitative determination and identification of five iridoid glycosides in different organs, different area, different months of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.. A RP-HPLC method was used for simultaneous quantitative determination of two flavonoid glycosides in different areas of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.. These methods were successfully applied to identify and quantify bioactive substances in different samples of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., which provided new tools for assessment of the quality of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl..Part threeThis paper studied the biological activities of the extracts and substances of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.. By study of antioxidant activity through scavenging effects to DPPH radical, all extracts and two flavonoid glycosides have significant antioxidant activity. The n-butanol extracts and two flavonoid glycosides have shown higher antioxidant activity. Scavenging effect of nepitrin was high as well as Vitamin C.By study of antibacterial experiment, aucubin, harpagide, eurostoside, harpagoside, scrokoelziside A, scrokoelziside B have significant activity for s.aureus, e.coli and Pseudomonas in solid nutrient medium and fluid nutrient medium. This result is coincidence with its use in civilian. Thus, these substances could be considered as marker antibacterial substances.