Study On The Surface Markers And The Functions Of Human Dendritic Cells Exposed By Global System For Mobile Communications 1800MHz Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields

With the development and the application of modern technology of electricity,Electric and magnetic field(EMF)are ubiquitous in the modern society.Concerns have been expressed to regard possible adverse effects of these exposures.This review covers epidemiologic research on healthy effects of exposures to static,extremely low-frequency electric and magnetic fields(ELF-EMF)and radio frequency(RF)fields.Research on these fields has been performed for more than two decades.Studies have consistently shown increasing risk for childhood leukemia associated with ELF-EMF, whereas ELF-EMF most likely are not a risking factor for breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.There are still inadequate data for other outcomes.More recently,focus has shifted towards RF exposures from mobile telephone.Immune system of human being is the necessity to maintain the balance of physiological functions.Many kind of diseases,such as malignant tumor,immunologic deficiency disease,autoimmune disease and so on,will invasion if the balance of physiological functions were destroyed.The RF-EMF research plan which were amended by WHO exceptionally emphasize RF effect on immune system. There are no persuasive data suggesting a healthy risk,but this research is still immature with regard to the quantity and quality of available data,and need a continual research.Some studies have shown the positive changes on structure and function of some human cells under the exposures to static RF fields.Dendritic cells(DC)are the strongest antigen-presenting cells(APC) within a living body,because of its dendritic protuberance when it is mature. On the stimulations of antigen and some other factors,immature dendritic cells are differentiated to mature dendritic cells.Mature dendritic cells express costimulate and sticky molecular as the classⅡMHC molecular and CD54,CD40,CD80,CD86 molecular highly,and its ability of inciting allo-mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)in vitro is increased.In this study, human dendritic cells were exposed to radio frequency(RF)fields with different specific absorption rates(SAR)for different times respectively,so as to detect the effects on the phenotype and the function of human dendritic cells.Objective:To study the effects induced by 1800MHzGSM radiofrequency fields (RF-EMF)utilized in mobile telephone on the surface markers and the functions of human mature dendritic cells(DC),which provide the experimental evidence to estimate the influence induced by RF-EMF on the functions of human immunity system.Methods:Using Ficoll separating medium to separate the mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood concentrate corpuscle,white,which growth adherencly for more than 2 hours.The mononuclear cells were cultured by using DC culture medium (RPMI1640 culture medium which contain 10%FCS,rhGM-CSF 50μg/ml,rhIL-4 10μg/ml)for 3 days,add some DC culture medium,cultured,lasting on the seventh day.Human DC have been exposed to intermittent 5min on/10min off 1800MHzGSM RF-EMF which is used in mobile phones with specific absorption rates(SAR)4W/Kg,for Ohr,1hr,12hrs or 24hrs,respectively. FACS analysis was used to detect the positive percentage of DC surface markers such as HLA-DR,CD80,CD86,CD40and CD11c,CCK-8 kit was adopted to examine the function of allo-mixed lymphocyte reaction (allo-MLR)on DC,and enzyme linked immunosorbent assy(ELISA)to identify the levels of IL-12p70 and TNF-αsecreted by DC.Statistical analyses:Statistical analyses of the data were performed by using the SPSS13.0 software.Only P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: During the RF electromagnetic exposure of 1hr,12hrs,24hrs,the positive percentages of molecule such as HLA-DR,CD80,CD86 and CD40 on the surface of DC in each treatment were declined except CD11 c.Also, with the RF electromagnetic exposure time lasting,the positive percentage of costimulatory molecules such as CD80,CD86 and CD40 are fall-off.The function of allo-MLR of DC in each RF treatment was weakened obviously (P<0.05),especially the group of 24hrs treatment.The secretions of IL-12p70 and TNF-αof DC in each RF treatment were not changed.But the secretions of IL-12p70 and TNF-αof the LPS stimulated DC group are higher than other group.Conclusion:On this experimental conditions,human DC which were exposed to RF-EMF were somewhat inhibited on the express of surface molecule and on the stimulate ability to homogeneity variant T cells.