The Change Characters Of Immunity, Biochemistry And Blood Indices In The Serious Period Of Diseases And The Establishment Of Mathematical Models In The Assessment Of The Patients' Conditions

Objective: There are extremely complex pathological and physiological changes in the clinical diseases. These changes result insufficient functions of many impotent organs such as liver, kidney, cardiovascular system, lungs, stomach and intestine, blood coagulation, electrolyte turbulence and so on. This experiment studies various clinical diseases; makes synthetic analysis examination results in order to discover the internal relation between primary diseases and other main viscera and common pathological mechanism, and seek common pathological and physiological changes which result from different diseases. By finding out the common reasons of various clinical diseases, we can predict the scale of seriousness of various diseases, and provide objective examination indices for saving patients? lives.Methods: there were three groups in the experiment: dangerous patient group (patients of ICU, n=28), patient group (clinical patients, n=31 ), normal control group (healthy people, n=38 ).Immunity, biochemistry, blood routine and blood coagulation indices of the three groups were respectively examined. Mathematical models were established by discriminant analysis.Results: In the immunity examination results, the indices of the dangerous patient group were compared with those of the normal control group, complement 3 (C₃) and complement 4 (C₄) greatly decreased, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). immunoglobulin G (IgG) decreased; but immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) increased, there were no obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05). Comparing the indices of the patient group and the normal group , C3 decreased obviously, there was obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). IgG and C4 decreased; IgA and IgM increased, there were no obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05). Comparing the indices of the dangerous patient group and the patient group, C₃ and C₄ reduced, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). The biochemical examination results of the dangerous patient group were compared with those of the normal control group, indices such as total protein (TP), albumin(ALB), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), apoprotein A1 (apo- A1), apoprotein B (apo-B), calcium (Ca²⁺), and magnesium (Mg²⁺), greatly decreased; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST),γ-glutamyl transpeptadase (γ-GT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), glucose (GLU), urea (UREA), creatinine (Cr),lactic denydrogenase (LD),α-hydroxybutyric denydrogenase (α-HBD), creatine kinase (CK) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) increased, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). total bilirubin (TBIL), kalium (K+), chloride (Cl-) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) increased slightly; uric acid (UA), lipoptotein (a) (Lp-(a) ), sodium (Na+) and inorganic phosphate (IP) decreased a little, there were no obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05). Comparing the indices of the patient group and the normal group, TP, ALB, UA ,TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, apo-A1, apo-B, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ obviously decreased; AST and hs-CRP increased, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). ALT,γ-GT, TBIL, DBIL, GLU, TBA, UREA, Cr, K+, Cl-, LD,α-HBD, CK and CK-MB increased; Lp-(a), IP and Mg²⁺ decreased slightly, there were no obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05). The indices of the dangerous patient group were compared with those of the normal control group, TP, ALB, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, apo-A1, Ca²⁺, IP and Mg²⁺ reduced; GLU, UREA, Cr,α-HBD, CK, CK-MB and hs-CRP increased, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). The blood routine examination results of the dangerous patient group were compared with those of the normal control group, white-cell count (WBC) , neutrophilic granulocyte# (GR#) and mononuelear leukocyte#(MO#) increased obviously; lymphocyte# (LY#), red-cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT) and platelet count (PLT) reduced, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). Comparing the indices of the patient group and the normal group, GR# increased; LY#, RBC, HGB, HCT and PLT decreased, there were obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). Comparing the indices of the dangerous patient group and the patient group, PLT had no statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05); but other indices had obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). In the indices of blood coagulation, the indices of the dangerous patient group were compared with those of the normal control group, prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (Fig) increased and had obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05). Comparing the indices of the patient group and the normal group, Fig had obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05); but other indices had no obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). Comparing the indices of the dangerous patient group and the patient group, Fig had no obvious statistical difference (Pï¹¥0.05); but other indices had obvious statistical difference (P﹤0.05). We finded out 9 indices with good lines(Ca²⁺,K⁺,ALB,TP,ALT,MO#,LY#,hs-CRP,PT) to make the prediction of the scale of seriousness of various diseases and the health of healthy people. The predicting equations were as follows: Y_æ­£=-188.803+93.950Ca²⁺+10.930K⁺+1.863ALB-0.065TP+0.021ALT- 1.741MO#+3.930LY#+0.558 hs-CRP+0.676PT。Y_ç—…=-154.154+86.786Ca²⁺+8.827K⁺+0.864ALB+0.320TP+0.014ALT- 1.002MO#+1.669 LY#+0.699 hs-CRP+0.781PT。Y_{危重}=-152.551+81.901Ca²⁺+11.160K⁺+1.140ALB+0.80TP+0.021ALT- 1.342MO#+1.340 LY#+0.844 hs-CRP+1.035PT。Conclusion: The indices of patient group and dangerous patient group such as immunity, biochemistry, blood routine and blood coagulation have great changes. Among them, immune system is the steadiest one, but other system is the biggest change one. We can use relative indices to predict the scale of seriousness of various clinical diseases and the health of healthy people.Accordance rate of the scale of seriousness of various diseases and the health of healthy people is 87.6%.