| Objective: Epilepsy is a transient disturbance of cerebral function caused by an abnormal neuronal Discharge. It is a common disease in nervous system, which seriously endangers human health. Whether alone or in combination, at present clinical antiepileptic medicine makes only 80% of remission in patients with epilepsy, but there are still 20% of patients failed to effectively control, with drug resistance or because of the serious side effects of western medicine, so the development of new non-toxic side effects of antiepileptic Drug is imminent. With the new antiepileptic medicine slowed the pace of development, and the side effects of antiepileptic medicine also has been increasingly attention, people are eyeing the antiepileptic medicine research and development. With the pace of development of new antiepileptic medicine slowed down, and the side effects of antiepileptic medicine also has been increasingly drawed attention, people are eyeing the antiepileptic m edicine research and development. Clinical research has shown that gastrodiae elata, acorus tatarinowii schot, pepper, scorpion and scolopendra are all antiepileptic role, and the non-obvious side effects of long-term use, but its mechanism is not entirely clear.This study uses the epileptic model induced by penicillin, and observes impacts of these herbs on the behavior of rats, latency of epilepsy episode, GABA neurons of hippocampus and Nissl bodies of model rats, and explore the mechanisms of antiepileptic medicine for clinical practice to provide a theoretical basis.Method: Healthy male adult Sprague-Dawley rats(weight 250g) were separated into eight groups, normal control group, epileptic pattern group (induced by penicillin), sodium valproate group, gastrodiae elata group, acorus tatarinowii schot group, pepper group, scorpion group, scolopendra group, and each group is composed of eight rats. Rats of posterior six groups in the drugs intervention group were interferenced by gastric perfusion with drugs (commonly clinical dose gavage) 15 days before intraperitoneal injection of penicillin. Two hours after the model were made, some rats were decapitated brain, and the sections in hippocampus were HE-stainde, Nissl-stained and immunohistochemistry-stained by GABA, and calculate the percentage of immunoreactive positive cells (percentage of positive cells(%) =numbers of positive cells displayed by immunohistochemistry/total number of cells under the view of observation×100%) and of immunoreactive cells positive score (Immunes Histochemistry Positive Cell Score, IHS) values under the high-power microscope.Results:1 Behavior changes: Rats activities before making model flexible, normal diet, agile reaction, smooth white fur. Intraperitoneal injection of penicillin, the animals gradually become quiet, and then a sluggish eyes, breathing speed up, and then there nodding, his head muscles jitter, or the body suddenly appeared to spasm. Latency of epilepsy episode of the epileptic pattern group, sodium valproate group, gastrodiae elata group, acorus tatarinowii schot group, pepper group, scorpion group and scolopendra group is respectively 38.45±3.05min, 87.48±2.99min, 65.15±2.07min, 2.47±60.87min, 45.73±1.84min, 74.34±1.24min and 79.64±1.64min, Any two means were compared statistically significant difference. 2 EEG changes: EEG of normal control group rats areαwave of 8 to 10HZ as the main performance, volatility<50uv, and no rhythm with paroxysmal. EEG of epileptic pattern group rats obvious discharge, it includes a higher rate of sharp wave, spikes or spike slow wave ,and that shows penicillin-induced epileptic pattern is successful. Compared to the epileptic pattern group, epileptic discharge of drug groups have slowed down, it shows amplitude is reduced and epilepsy wave is reduced.3 Pathological changes:3.1 HE staining: Hippocampal CA3 and CA1 and dentate gyrus neurons of the normal control group arranged in line, to the very good, dyeing uniform. Hippocampal CA3 and CA1 and dentate gyrus neurons of epileptic pattern group and drug groups decrease in the number, are disorders, to a very unclear. 3.2 Nissl staining: There are the massive blue or Coarse Nissl bodies, and a large number of dyeing deep in the neurons cytoplasm of normal control group; Nissl bodies in hippocampal neurons cytoplasm of epileptic pattern group and drug groups decrease in the number, dye desalination, show different levels of dissolved. HIS value of Nissl staining of the epileptic pattern group, sodium valproate group, gastrodiae elata group, acorus tatarinowii schot group, pepper group, scorpion group and scolopendra group is respectively 2.08±0.04, 0.57±0.03, 1.57±0.02, 1.31±0.02, 1.37±0.03, 0.73±0.03, 1.39±0.02 and 1.26±0.03. Acorus tatarinowii rats and Scorpion group, the difference was not statistically significant; acrous gramineus group or Scorpion group and other groups in any two groups comparison, the differences were statistically significant.3.3 GABA immunohistochemistry staining: hippocampal GABA immunoreactive positive cells of normal control group are morphologically integrity, intensive, and hippocampal GABA immunoreactive positive cells of the epileptic pattern group and drug groups are sparse, and there are injury of different degrees. Hippocampal GABA immunoreactive positive cells percentage of the epileptic pattern group, sodium valproate group, gastrodiae elata group, acorus tatarinowii schot group, pepper group, scorpion group and scolopendra group is respectively 0.76±0.03, 0.19±0.03, 0.66±0.03, 0.49±0.02, 0.44±0.02, 0.31±0.02, 0.54±0.03 and 0.55±0.03. Compared the scorpion group with centipede group, the difference was not statistically significant; compared scorpion group or centipede group with other groups in any two groups, the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:1 Successfully reproduce the penicillin-induced rat model of acute epilepsy.2 gastrodiae elata,acorus tatarinowii schot, pepper, scorpion and scolopendra etc. five Chinese herbs are antiepileptic medicine, but these herbs are weaker than sodium valproate in the Antiepileptic role.3 The antiepileptic role of centipede is the strongest, followed by scorpio, and pepper weakest in five Chinese herbs.4 The antiepileptic role of gastrodiae elata, acorus tatarinowii schot, scorpion and scolopendra, may be through GABA suppression system and other means to achieve; and antiepileptic role of pepper is primarily through increasing monoamine neurotransmitters and reducing excitatory amino acid level to achieve, and has nothing to do with the GABA suppression system.
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