| Objective: Dentist at home and abroad is already very familiar with the teeth auto-transplantation as a way to treat dental defection. Abroad there are many report documented the importance of the protection of periodontal ligament to the survival rate of transplanted teeth, but there are less reports about how to protect PDL in the course of surgery and ways to prepare the planting area alveolar. For these reasons, this issue through animal experiments to compare:1.The degree of PDL injury by using traditional methods and Piezosurgery. 2. The degree of alveolar bone healing after prepared by Piezosurgery, planting machine, fast turbine, and slow-planted. 3. The degree of PDL cell protection after held by DMEM cell culture medium, 4℃0.9% sodium chloride solution, room temperature 0.9% sodium chloride solution. To find a guide to the operation of the teeth transplant.Materials and methods: 1 Using Piezosurgery and traditional extraction methods (elevator, forceps) to extract the rabbits' maxillary and mandibular molar respectively, was then fixed at 4% formaldehyde solution. The average operation time was required to compare the operation efficiency of two extraction methods by calculating. Observe the remaining integrity of PDL, and the average thickness under the optical microscope. A statistical approach was used to data comparison. 2 Using Piezosurgery, planting machine, rapid turbine, and Slow turbine to remove about 2mm×1.5mm×1.5mm bone of rabbits bilateral lateral femoral condyle respectively, sutured wound tight, then killed the animal after two weeks ordinary feed. Macroscopic observe the inflammatory response and hematoma situation of the bilateral surgery area. To observe the wound edge, the number of amotic sphacelus and osteoblast, the volume of new grow tissue under an optical microscope. According the size of osteoblast in the boneless area (4×10 optical microscope), we grade the healing of each group two weeks after surgery. The average time is calculated to compare the efficiency of different equipment. All the data was analysis statistically3 Remove bilateral molar of maxilla and mandible of SD rats, then randomly placed it in different preservation solution for 0 min (A group), 15 min (B group), 30 min (C group), 60 min (D group).Group 1 for the DMEM cell culture medium, Group 2 for 4℃0.9% sodium chloride solution, Group 3 for room temperature 0.9% sodium chloride solution, Group 4 for the control group (operating room in the air, without any Liquid), molar specimens would be sliced after fixed in 4% formaldehyde solution for 24h, calculated the number of hydropic degeneration PDL cells of experimental group and control group within the average per field vision under the microscope. All the data was analysis statistically.Results: 1 The average time for the extraction by using Piezosurgery was 9′30″, while by using traditional method was 3′01″, the efficiency of the operation by using Piezosurgery was significantly lower than by using traditional equipment; Optical microscopy, the PDL integrity of molar which removed by Piezosurgery was slightly better than that by traditional instruments: in the crown of root, Piezosurgery Group PDL thickness is obvious thick than the traditional group (P <0.05), but both at the root apical and the central there is no significant difference (P> 0.05). 2 Macroscopic observation: There were less inflammatory exudate, hematoma at the wound district in the Group Piezosurgery and planting machine, and the edge was smooth, with a lot of soft tissue, while in the Group of fast and slow-turbine, There were obvious inflammatory exudate, hematoma at the wound district, and the edge was rough. In the Group of Piezosurgery, the better healing account 80% of the animals, the general and poor healing each account 10%. In the Group of planting machine, better healing account 70% of the animals, the general healing for 20%, and the poor account 10%. But, there were only 20% and 10% in the Group of fast and slow-turbine that the general healing account in the animals, while the poor healing account 80% and 90%.3 With the extension of storage time, the number of the average per vision hydropic degeneration PDL cells has increasing trend for each group, the increasing trend of the DMEM cell culture was not obvious.Apart from Group A: which storage time for the 0 min, in the remainingexperimental group, the number of the average per vision hydropicdegeneration PDL cells was significantly lower than the number ofcontrol group (P <0.05)Preservation solution in the Group B: the number of the average pervision hydropic degeneration PDL cells was no significant differencebetween the Group B1, Group B2, Group B3. (P>0.05).Preservation solution in the Group C: there are significant differencesbetween Group C1 and Group C2, C3. (P <0.05), while between C2 andC3 there is no significant difference (P> 0.05). The number of the averageper vision hydropic degeneration PDL cells in Group C1 is significantlyless than the number of Group C2 and C3.Preservation solution in the Group D: Ambi-comparison between D1group, D2 group, D3 group were significantly different (P <0.05), comparison between group D1 and group D2, D3 were most significantly different (P <0.01), The number of the average per vision hydropic degeneration PDL cells in Group D1 is significantly less than the number of group D2, also compared with group D2 and group D3Conclusion: 1. In the course of teeth auto-transplant, although the quantity of remaining PDL on the root surface use Piezosurgery is more than the use of traditional methods, the efficiency of the Piezosurgery is far below that of traditional surgery Instruments.2. In the course of host site alveolar preparation, the use of Piezosurgery, planting machine are more conducive to the healing of bone tissue than the use of rapid turbine, and slow turbine. 3. Among the preservation methods of teeth, DMEM cell culture medium has the best protection for PDL cells, followed by 4℃0.9% sodium chloride solution, room temperature 0.9% sodium chloride solution is worse, and the way put teeth in the air is even more undesirable based on the change of the number of the average per vision hydropic degeneration PDL cells in the different time. If the teeth be transplanted within 15 min after extraction, it will be able to maximize the preservation of PDL, will greatly improve the success rate of healing.
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