| Objective: Preeclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy and high maternal as well as fetal mortality and morbidity.However, the cause and mechanism which bring preeclampsia remain elusive at present. A two-stage model in the development of preeclampsia has been proposed which involves impaired trophoblast invasion during early pregnancy and anextensive damnification of vascular endothelial cells at later gestational ages.Early onset preeclampsia is more likely to be severe and to be associated with poor or absent trophoblast invasion in placental pathology. NADPH oxidase has been shown to be the main source of ROS in neutrophils and non- neutrophils. ROS play an important role in maternal inflammatory,placental cellular growth, differentiation and apoptosis, events which are of critical importance in determining the out come of pregnancy.Recently,a family of genes that are homologous to the human NADPH oxidase has been discovered by molecular cloning from various somatic cell types. These include NADPH oxidase1,2, 3, 4, 5 and Duox1 and Duox2.Nox1 has been show in human colon, prostate, gastric pit ,uterus,placenta, vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblast cell. Nox1 has been found to be activated by growth factors such as AngII and is involved in vascular growth and remodeling, and therefore, plays an important role in vascular pathophysiology such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.According to the relation that have enumerated above among NADPH oxidase,ROS and Ang II, our experiment identified the level of Nox1,ROS,Ang II in placenta to discuss the connection between them and early onset preeclampsia.Methods: 1 The study subject:(1)The study group:20 patients with preeclampsia who had delivered in the Obstetrcis of the Second Hospital of HeBei Mediical University were selected form January 2007 to May 2007.10 patients with early onset severre preeclampsia were involved in the study(early onset severe preeclampsia group).Mean age of them was 28.80±6.03 years old,and mean gestational age was 33.54±1.24 .10 patients with late onset severe preeclampsia were involved in the study(late onset severe preeclampsia group).Mean age of them was 28.50±4.55 years old,and mean gestational age was 37.37±1.98.(2)The control group:10 healthy pregnant women,who were deliveried in our hospital in the same time.Mean Mean age of them was 27.64±3.41 years old,and mean gestational age was 38.47±1.02.All the subjects must meet the following criteria:no evidence of recent infection normal blood glucise,no chronic hypertension,no history of recurrent abortion,no assistance of reproduction technique,no immune diseases and no immun medication. 2 Sample collecting:Several pieces of placenta tissue of 1×1×1cm were obtained after delivery by operation in three group of pregnant women and washed with 0.9% brine to wiping off blood of placenta.One piece were then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemistry and others were stored at–80℃.3 The experiment methods:(1)Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the protein expression of Nox1.(2)ROS level of placenta tissue was investigated by Feton Reaction.(3)AngⅡwere detected by radioimmunity.Results:1 The expression of Nox1 in placenta:In patients with early onset severe preeclampsia,the expression of Nox1 (0.213±0.011) was higher than in late onset severe preeclampsia (0.173±0.011) and healthy pregnant women(0.115±0.012 ).2 The level of ROS in placenta: In patients with early onset severe preeclampsia,the level of ROS (132.44±13.88) was higher than in late onset severe preeclampsia (76.41±10.76 ) and healthy pregnant women(46.15±9.95 ).3 The level of AngⅡin placenta: In patients with early onset severe preeclampsia,the level of AngⅡ(381.24±76.39) was higher than in late onset severe preeclampsia (168.34±31.68 ) and healthy pregnant women(102.20±15.09 ).4 The correlation of the expression of Nox1 and the level of ROS in placenta: the expression of Nox1 and the level of ROS in placenta was positively correlated(r=0.904,P<0.01). 5 The correlation of the expression of Nox1 and the level of AngⅡin placenta: the expression of Nox1 and the level of AngⅡin placenta was positively correlated(r=0.834,P<0.01).Conclusion: 1 The expression of Nox1 is significantly higher in placenta of early onset severe preeclampsia than late onset severe preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women ,which suggest that Nox1 play an important role in the pathogenesis of early onset severe preeclampsia.2 The level of ROS and AngⅡare significantly higher in placenta of early onset severe preeclampsia than late onset severe preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women . The expression of Nox1 and the level of ROS as well as AngⅡin placenta was positively correlated ,which suggest that the approach of AngⅡ-Nox1-ROS may be the mechanism of early onset severe preeclampsia.
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