A Preliminary Study On Chitosan/Konjac Glucomannan Membrane For Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration

【Objective】Biological barrier membrane play an key role for guided tissue regeneration(GTR) with its ultimate goal of regenerating lost periodontal structures. The purpose of the pilot present study was to investigate a new biodegradable membrane material containing Chitosan / Konjac glucomannan for use in GTR with excellent mechanical properties and biocompatible.The biological effects of the membranes in cultures of primary periodontal ligament fibroblast cells(PDLCs) in vitro was evaluated.【Method】Blend membranes containing Chitosan and Konjac Glucomannan Solutions with different proportion of 3:0,2:1,1:1,1:2,0:3 were prepared by solvent-casting method.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUCMSC) were used to observe the growth and Cytotoxic effects of those cells on the various membranes.Their mechanical properties,water absorption,degradation rate in vitro and in vivo were measured.The effect of the Blend membranes on PDLCs with bFGF or no bFGF was assessed by MTT(3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-yl)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide ),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and Osteocalcin(OC) assay after 5 and 20 days time periods.Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 13.0 software.【Results】The results showed that 8 different proportion of blend membranes containing Chitosan and Konjac Glucomannan(3:0,2:1,1:1,1:2) was obtained based on hUCMSC for biocompatibility and cell toxicity.Average thickness of the membrane was 0.11mm,their tensile strength in 35.84～48.1 7 Mpa,breaking elongation crack between 4.84～6.25%.The mechanical properties of bend membrane complies with the request of GTR.Degradation of different proportion (3:0,2:1,1:1,1:2)with Chitosan / konjac glucomannan membranes into phosphate buffer which comprise of lysozyme in 70 days were 40.75%,65.7%,74.2%and 84.6%respectively.Degradation of these membranes into the muscular of KM mice's back is about 8 to 12 weeks.Compared to the control group(bio-gide group),the degradation of chitosan / konjac glucomannan membranes is not good.The effects of the membranes on human PDLCs with bFGF or no bFGF showed that high ratio of konjac glucomannan in blend membrane could promote the proliferation of human PDLCs and AP activity in vitro.These results also demonstrated the best ratio of chitosan / konjac glucomannan membranes is 2:1.【Conclusion】Results from the present study suggested that chitosan / konjac glucomannan membranes with ratio of 3:0,2:1,1:1,1:2 may influence cell proliferation of PDLCs.Among these membranes examined,the best ratio is 2:1(chitosan /konjac glucomannan).It is a potential periodontal tissue engineering scaffold.