Postnatal Growth And Nutritional Status Of Low Birth Weight Infants

Objective:To evaluate the Postnatal growth and nutritional status of low birth weight newborns in our hospital through growth curves,and evaluate the incidence rate of EUGR at discharge.Method:1.Examine body weight,head circumference and length as a growth indicator using a longitudinal and prospective approach for understanding nutritional status of low birth weight infants in One hundred and sixty five Low Birth Weight infants with birth weight less than 2,500g,admitted in Neonatology ward of Guangxi medical university,from 2007.01.01 to 2008.06.30. 2.The infants were divided in to 2 groups,AGA and SGA and growth curves were generated for six birth weight ranges:1001 g～1250 g,1251 g～1500 g,1501 g～1750 g,1751 g～2000 g,2001 g～2250 g,and 2251 g～2500 g.3.Nutrient intakes and body weights were recorded daily,with crown heel length and occipital-frontal head circumference recorded weekly up to the date of hospital discharged.4.SPSS 13.0 software is used to analysis body weight,head circumference, and length and makes growth curves.Result:1.In this study there were 104(63%) male and 61(37%) female with Gestational age at the time of admission is 28-37 week average(33.7±1.9) week,birth weight of 1180～2480g average(1952.8±316) g,maximum days of postnatal weight lost days is 2～10 d average(3.7±1.4) days,The regain of the birth weight is 2～23d average(7.8±3.8) days.2.In this study the maximum postnatal weight drop percentage is 6.7%～15.2%and regain of the birth weight day is 7.3～15.6day respectively.The greater the weight loss percentage,the lower the birth weight,and takes longer time to regain the birth weight.3.The birth weight gain by infants are 12.9g/day(5.4g/kg/day)～17.7g/day (14.7g/kg/day) respectively;the length gain are 1.13cm/w～1.5cm/w respectively;and the head circumference gain are 0.57cm/w～0.59 cm/w respectively.4.The incidence rate of IUGR for the 165 infants are 30.3%,27.3%and 26.7%;for birth weight,head circumference and length respectively during birth;and the incidence rate of EUGR for the 165 infants are 44.2%,18.8%, and 15.8%by weight,length and head circumference respectively on discharge.For SGA infants,the incidence rate of EUGR are 96%,34%,and 44%for birth weight,head circumference and length respectively on discharge which is significantly higher than AGA infants(21.7%,7.8%,7.8%).According to body weight and head circumference,the incidence rate of IUGR is greater than EUGR;according to body weight and length, the incidence rate of IUGR is greater than EUGR,and results in every birth weight group have no statistically significant difference.Conclusion:1.In this study,LBW infants,birth weight has significant correlation with its gestational age.There has a significant correlation between infant's length,head circumference and weight at birth.The physiological weight drop percentage has negatively significant correlation with birth weight and its gestational age.The regain birthweight time has negatively significant correlation with infant's birth weight.The postnatal length and head circumference increment has no significant correlation with birth weight.2.The growth curve of this study is composed of data obtained from very ill as well as from recovering and stable neonatology department's patients. This curve should not be taken as reference curves of a "normal population",but it may help to identify infants with growth failure.But this postnatal growth curve of Low birth weight infant may provide significant reference to the infants of Neonatology ward for its development and nutritional status.3.The incidence of EUGR in Premature LBW infants is a clinically big problem,in the present study the rate of EUGR of birth weight,head circumference and length is lower than similar studies reported in mainland and is higher than other studies reported outside the country,which shows the needs of significant improvement in nutritional management. Objective:Evaluate the nutritional status of low-birth-weight infants regardless of their Disease(s),during the neonatal period,Using Nabil Mounla's Method.Method:One hundred and sixty five Low Birth Weight infants with birth weight less than 2,500 g were admitted in Neonatology ward of Guangxi medical university,from 2007.01.01 to 2008.06.30.The nutritional status was assessed with infant's birth weight,the most obvious day age of weight lost, the lowest weight percentage and the age recovering to birth weight. Mounla's method was based on the excess time expressed in percent beyond the allocated time for an infant to gain the birth weight and the excess drop in weight expressed in percent beyond the allowed drop of weight. Result:In 165 infants,maximum days of weight lost days is 2-10 d average (3.7±1.4) days,The regain of the birth weight is 2～23d average(7.8±3.8) days.In this study we distributed 6 group of 1001～1250g,1251～1500g, 1501～1750g,1751～2000g,2001～2250g,2251～2500g,and discovered the maximum weight drop percentage is 15.2%,9.8%,8.2%,6.8%,6.3%, 6.7%respectively,which is higher than Anchieta L.M.and Dancies,values, and regain of the birth weight day is 15.6d,9.2d,8.3d,7.8d,7.4d,7.3d respectively which is lower than Anchieta L.M.and Dancis,values.By application of Nabil Mounla's method for the assessment of nutritional status,52.1%(86/165) infants are in malnutrition,as the baseline reference with Anchieta LM growth curve and 71.5%(118/165) infants are in malnutrition,as the baseline reference with Dancis growth curve.Conclusion:Mounla's method that is used to assess nutritional status of LBW infants provides certain reference for the clinical support in nutrition of the infants.