Experimental Study On The Repair Of Cranial Bone Defect With Acellular Bone Matrix Combined With Platelet-rich Plasma

Objective:To investigate the effect of acellular bone matrix(ABM) combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in accelerating the repair of rabbit cranial bone defect; study the mechanism of action of PRP in accelerating the repair of rabbit cranial bone defect.Methods:Critical bone defects of 1×0.5cm were created in bilateral cranial of 24 male New Zealand white rabbits.One side was randomly chosen as the experimental side,which was filled with acellular bone matrix with platelet-rich plasma;the other side filled with acellular bone matrix without PRP as the control side.Six animals of every group were killed according to different operation period and the implantations were taken off and studied by gross observation, imageology,histological analysis after 2,4,8 and 12 weeks of implant action. Immunohistochemical detection of the VEGF were performed at the same time. Lane-Sandhu X-ray and histology grade standard were used to evaluate the effect of osteogenesis,the result of X-ray examination and histology slice investigation were analyzed with statistical methods.Results:All animals were survival in the experiment.No inflammation was detected. The different quantity osteogenesis in both side bone defects was observed alone with time prolonging.At 12 weeks after operation,the ABM granula were absorbed and cavitas medullaris and lamellar bone formed in the experiment side. The rate and quantity of new bone formation were statistical different between the experiment and the control side from radiological and tissue histology examination in all groups(p＜(0.01).The area of new bone on experimental side is more than in control side and there is obviously statistical different between the experiment and the control side(p＜0.01).2 weeks after surgery the expression of VEGF in experiment group show higher than that in control group.The expression of VEGF in experiment group then declined in the next group seriously.There were statistic difference between the staining gray of two groups at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery(p＜0.05).There were not statistic difference between the staining gray of two groups at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery(p＞0.05).Conclusion:1.PRP and ABM can be used in restoring of nonbearing bone.2.ABM is a good vicarious material in bone defect healing.3.PRP can improve the healing of bone defect and osteogenesis.