Study On The Relation Risk Factor Of Simple Obesity For Children Three To Six Years Old That Coming From Eleven Cities

[Background]Obesity is a common health problem which was related with both genetic and environmental factors. In the past 20 to 30 years, the prevalence of childhood obesity was in a rapid growth trend both in china and other countries in the world. The prevalence of obesity in urban areas in China is increased faster than in other developed countries, especially in 3 to 6-year-old children. Child in 3 to 6 years old is a important period with increasing of fat cells. Excessive growth in the number of fat cells will increase the difficulty of future obesity intervention and the risk of adult obesity, which will become a prominent public health problem in the future.[Object]The purpose is to explore the family environment factors in 3 to 6-year-old children in urban China and to find out the relationship between the lifestyle/eating habits in preschool children and the obesity, in order to provide suggestions of intervention strategies to childrenhood obesity.[Methods]Case-control study and Stratify cluster sampling was used in this study. There were eleven cities were selected in the research. They were Chengdu, Jinan, Shenzhen, Shenyang, Shanghai, Chongqing, Zhengzhou, Xi'an, Changsha, Qingdao and Haikou. Three districts were selected randomly in each city. 6 kindergartens (There must be more than 200 children in the kindergarten) were selected randomly in each district. The questionnaires survey was conducted in obese children and matched (sex and age) normal weight children in each sample kindergarten. The questionnaire results with 2218 obese children (obese group) and 5380 normal weight children (control group) were analyzed in this study. SPSS15.0 was used to analyze the factors related to obesity. Pearson chi-square, t test, and mutivariant logistic regression, and related analysis were used to find out all the factors in this study.[Results]Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 8 risk factors were related to child obesity in this study. They were high birth weight((OR=1.48), low education level in mothers (OR=1.2), father overweight (OR=1.55), mother overweight (OR=1.81), sweet drinks consumption≥3 times/week (OR=1.34), strong appetite (OR=4.07), eating fast (OR=2.77), and no breastfeeding before 4 months of age (OR=1.71). There are 45.6% and 84.9% parents of obese children who do not make the correct evaluation on the health hazards of the body shape and obesity in children, respectively. 53.4%, 43.3% and 51.2% of parents of obese children used to encourage eating, food reward and no restrictions on the conduct of snacks, respectively. There is a positive correlation between parents and children's movement time and the time of watching TV.[Conclusions]Family environment is related to obesity in children in 3 to 6-year-old in urban China. Parent lifestyle, wrong eating habits and parental attitudes and behavior of childhood obesity are the major risk factors. The eating habits in early childhood are important to prevent obesity. It is necessary to intervene family lifestyle in order to control childhood obesity. Family risk factors for intervention will improve the effectiveness of intervention.