The Studay On The Energy Consumption And Characterization Of Substrate Metabolism Of Organisms During Activity

Purpose:The relationship between the oxidation of carbohydrate and fat,percentage of energy supply and the consumption of total energy during the activity among different organism is discussed by studying the energy consumption and the characterization of the metabolism of substrate towards university students majoring in Physical Education at different modes,levels and intensity of activity.The study makes it clear further that the characterization of the metabolism of substrate during the activity in order to obtain the relationship between the optimum amount of exercise and efficiency based on the metabolism of energy.Methods:25 university students majoring in Physical Education performed GXT (graded exercise test) on power bicycles and treadmills,and the maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂max) was measured.Then 15min of power bicycle activity and running activity was performed in the intensity of 45%VO₂max,55%VO₂max,65%VO₂max,75%VO₂max. The gaseous metabolism target during the activity was measured with cardio-pulmonary function device.The gas of the latter 10min of each load activity was adopted to determine the consumption of energy and substrate of the organisms among the load activity.Results:1) Oxidation of the fat and energy supply in the intensity of 55%VO₂max is maximal among the four different intensities of activity of 45%VO₂max,55%VO₂max,65%VO₂max,75%VO₂max.2) In the same intensity of exercise(%VO₂max),Oxidation of the fat,energy supply proportion and the total energy supply of the female university students majoring in Physical Education during running are higher than those in power bicycles,while the carbohydrate consumption is lower than that in power bicycles.3) Among the four different intensities of activity oxidation of the fat and carbohydrate and the total energy supply of the male university students majoring in Physical Education who have been trained are high than those of common male students majoring in Physical Education.4) The heart rate of male university students majoring in Physical Education is about 130/min and the speed is 7-8km/h when in the intensity of 45%VO₂max.When in the intensity of 55%VO₂max,the heart rate and the speed are about 140/min and 8-9km/h.When in the intensity of 65%VO₂max;the heart rate and the speed are about 150/min and 9-10km/h.When in the intensity of 75%VO₂max;the heart rate and the speed are about 160/min and 10-11km/h.Conclusions:1) With the increase of the intensity of activity,the total energy consumption increases and the proportion of the energy supply substrate changes.The proportion of the participation of carbohydrate increases with the intensity of activity while the proportion of energy supply fat decreases.2) The oxidation of the fat and supplied energy of the fat is maximal in the intensity of 55%VO2max,which is the most feasible for exercisers.3) In the same intensity of activity(%VO₂max),oxidation of the fat,the total energy supply and the proportion of the energy supply fat are higher in running than those in cycling,which suggests that running is more beneficial in the fat consumption.4) The higher the level of endurance training is,the more the maximal oxygen uptake is and the stronger the ability of energy supply is.