| Hemangioma and vascular malformation are common vascular diseases. Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor in infantile.Its characteristic pathological changes are excessive proliferation of endothelial cells and rapid angiogenesis,according to the growth of endothelial cells,uptake of~3H-TdR,number of mast cells,formation of fibrocyte and fatty infiltration,hemangioma is divided into proliferating phase,involuting phase and involuted phase.Vascular malformation is the structural abnomalities of embryonic blood vessel,it has the normal division rate of endothelial cells.But the pathogenesis of hemangioma and vascular malformation are not clear so far.It has been pointed out that the development and involution of hemangioma are related to the proliferating status of hemangioma endothelium,the expression levels of various angiogenesis cytokines and angiogenesis inhibitors and the imbalanee of endothelial proliferation and apoptosis.But the growth factors relevant to proliferation are normally expressed in the vascular malformations. Researchers pay more and more attentions to the factors that affect the excessive proliferation of endothelial cells and angiogenesis.PTEN and p-Akt,which are hotspots in the researches on malignant tumorigenesis,have been reported to play important roles in angiogenesis,we doubt whether PTEN and p-Akt contribute to the proliferation and involution of infantile hemangioma and the formation of vascular malformation.So we approach the relationship between PTEN,p-Akt and infantile hemangioma,vascular malformation,and explore the mechanism of infantile hemangioma and vascular malformation. ObjectiveTo detect the expression of PTEN and p-Akt in the different stages of infantile hemangioma and vascular malformation,analysis the correlation between PTEN and p-Akt,approach the effect and significance of PTEN and p-Akt in the occurrence and development of infantile hemangioma and vascular malformation.MethodsCollect the hemangioma or vascular malformation specimens embedded in paraffin,the specimens were all excised by operations and were confirmed by pathologic diagnosis.The section was 4μm in thickness.After routinely HE stain,we classified the specimens according to the Mulliken' s classification standard,including proliferating group(18cases),involuting group(20cases) and vascular malformation group(12cases),Normal skin tissues from 5 cases were chosen as control group.The expression of PTEN and p-Akt was detected by SP immuno- histochemical technique in cases of proliferating hemangiomas,involuting hemangiomas,vascular malformations,and normal skins;the mean optical density was measured by image analysis system.Results①PTEN protein expression:Positive expression of PTEN protein was located in cytoplasm or nuclei of vascular endothelial cells,it is weakly positive in proliferating vascular endothelium,but strongly positive in other groups.The mean optical densities in proliferating hemangiomas,involuting hemangiomas,vascular malformations and normal skins were 0.3457±0.0454,0.4785±0.0739,0.5324±0.0440和0.5038±0.0648 respectively.The expression of PTEN in proliferating hemangiomas was lower than any other group with the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.01).The difference has no statistically significant in the expression of PTEN among the involuting hemangioma,the vascular malformation and the normal skin.②p-Akt protein expression:Positive expression of p-Akt protein was located in cytoplasm of vascular endothelial cells,it is weakly positive in proliferating vascular endothelium,but negative in other groups.The mean optical densities in proliferating hemangiomas,involuting hemangiomas,vascular malformations and normal skins were 0.3567±0.0379,0.2509±0.0373,0.2632±0.0346,0.2241±0.0312 respectively.The expression of p-Akt in proliferating hemangiomas was higher than any other group with the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).The difference has no statistically significant in the expression of p-Akt among the involuting hemangioma,the vascular malformation and the normal skin.③The correlationg between PTEN and p-Akt:The expression of PTEN was negatively correlated with the expression of p-Akt(r=-0.7192,P＜0.05).ConclusionPTEN and p-Akt are closely correlated with the development of infantile hemangioma.In proliferating hemangiomas,the expression of PTEN is decreased while the expression of p-Akt is positive,they are important factors that promote the proliferation of hemangioma endothelium and angiogenesis,they play important roles in the proliferating phase of infantile hemangioma.The expression of PTEN and p-Akt is normal in vascular malformation,they don't participate in the formation of vascular malformation. |
