Studies On The Quality Of Fructus Gardeniae Fruits From GAP Base

The fruit of fructus gardeniae is one of the Chinese medicine commonly used in clinic, and it has the effects of purging pathogenic fire,reducing fever and causing, and cooling blood and detoxification. It is one of the important raw material for many Chinese patent medicines.Fructus Gardeniae is a genuine medicine of Jiangxi, widely distributed in the eastern, central, southwestern and southern provinces and regions of China. In recent years, due to the development and utilization of fructus gardeniae pigment, resulting in growing demand for Gardenia herbs, wild resources have been seriously damaged. Fructus Gardeniae fruits on the market are of varying quality, but currently had only established GAP base in Jiangxi and Hunan. Commercial fructus gardeniae fruits in Guangdong was mainly wild and not yet developed large scale production, yield and quality ingredients were unstable. For the protection of wild germplasm resources, to ensure sustainable development, we set up GAP base of fructus gardeniae in Guangdong. To evaluate the quality of fructus gardeniae fruits, experiment on environmental quality detection,identification and component determination of fructus gardeniae fruits were conducted. Qualities of fructus Gardeniae fruits from base and Jiangxi had been compared. To obtain safe,effective,stable and reliable fructus gardeniae herbs,we comprehensively evaluated the quality of fructus Gardeniae fruits in GAP base by combining the methods of field experiments,investigation and collection,laboratory analysis and statistical analysis. The research results in detail are as follows: 1. Geographical location of cultivation, natural conditions were investigated and the quality of atmosphere,soil and irrigation water were tested. The results showed that the base has good natural conditions for growing gardenia, the qualities of air soil and irrigation water were in line with the state standards in《Good Agriculture Practice》2. Used four kinds of fertilizer for manurial experiment, and single-factor random design with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions. Investigation and analysis of gardenia herbal pest in the base were conducted and pesticide tests were carried out for the major pests of Cephonodes hylas Linnaeus and aphid. Trichlorfon and phoxim were selected for the study, using single-factor random design with 3 treatments and 3 repetitions. Contents of geniposide,CA and crocin-1 of fructus Gardeniae fruits from different fertilization and different pesticide treatments were compared seperately, the results showed that the effects of fertilizer and pesticide treatments on geniposide and chlorogenic acid were great, while the effects on the content of crocin-1 was little..3. Species identification of fructus gardenia in GAP base and Commercial ones were conducted by methods of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprint. Studies on the pictures of TLC and HPLC fingerprint of fructus gardeniae fruits were carried out in different color, and their differences in chemical composition were compared.4. HPLC content determination methods of geniposide,chlorogenic acid and crocin-1 were established, and 3 ingredients content determinations in different developmental stages of fructus gardeniae fruits in pingyuan,3 ingredient contents between pingyuan and commercial ones and the content of geniposide of fructus gardeniae fruits from 10 batch of pingyuan and Jiangxi (provided by Mingxing pharmaceutical industry)was carried on separately. The results were statistically analyzed using spss11.5 software The result showed that chlorogenic acid in fruit of three active ingredients in the relative content is the lowest and the highest relative content is geniposide.The peaks of three components are relatively steep;consequently, only under the color of each fruit to timely harvest can obtain the highest content of target active ingredients; the measured contents of geniposide from different sources were exceeded the state standard (1.8%) of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia "(2010 Edition 1).Geniposide content of pingyuan was as high as 4.78% and its content of crocin-1 reached 1.77%, were significantly higher than the measured content of commercial ones, but contents of chlorogenic acid in pingyuan,Qingping market and Urumqi were significantly at low level;Results of contents of geniposide in pingyuan and jiangxi showed no significant difference..5. Contents of Moisture.total ash,heavy metals and the pesticide residues in pingyuan were determined. The results showed that the moisture content were less than 8.5% and total ash content less than 6.0%, were both in line with the state standards of" Chinese Pharmacopoeia" (2010 Edition 1). After Applicated of 4 different fertilizers and 3 different types of pesticides, heavy metals and pesticide residues of fructus gardenia fruits in pingyuan were in the state allowable range of "import and export of medicinal plants and their preparations green industry standard" which was issued by The People's Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation.The results showed that the quality of fructus gardenia fruits were safe and reliable.