| Objectives To obtain the distribution of pubertal events by age group among children in rural areas of Anhui Province, and analysis the association between early puberty and physical activities, or the type of parent-absence, or depress symptom in these children.Methods A total of 4 851 target population was a province-wide respective sample of students from 6 different rural areas in Anhui Province, who were chosed from 3 to 6 in primary school and 1 to 3 in junior high school. The children were anonymously investigated the status of pubertal events with self evaluation, the depress symptom by using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and meanwhile the absence history of their parents. The MMAs was calculated by the model of Probit Regression. The consistency of Tanner stage and puberty category from PDS scores was tested by Correlation Analysis. The physical activities, the depress symptom and the absence history of their parents of the children whose scores were above P75 were analysised after the group of the status of pubertal events were divided with percentile of the PDS four-stage score of development.Results In this survey, the age of target population ranges from 8～17 years old, mean age is 13.29. Among these population, 48.2% are boys and 51.8% are girls.The P25, P50 and P75 age of girls' breast development (B2 phase) is 9.27, 10.29, and 11.42 years old, respectively, which of B4 phase is 13.99, 15.87 and 18.00 years old respectively. The P25, P50 and P75 age of pubic hair development (FP2 phase) is 10.39, 11.55 and 12.83 years old, which of FP4 phase is 16.13, 18.33 and 20.83 years old; The P25, P50 and P75 age of menarche age is 11.73, 12.74 and 13.85 years old respectively. Boys' genital development age (P2 phase) is 9.41(P25), 10.81(P50) and 12.44(P75) years old, P4 phase is 15.35(P25), 16.64(P50) and 18.03(P75) years old; The P25, P50 and P75 age of pubic hair development (MP2 phase) is 9.91,11.24, and 12.74 years old, which of MP4 phase is 15.07,16.18 and 17.38 years old respectively; First spermatorrhea age is 13.46(P25), 15.36(P50) and 17.54 (P75) years old.Prepubertal girls whose age is more than 8 years old accounted for 91.2% in the target population, but all of them are developed after 15, some individuals complete the development process of post pubertal in their 14-year-old. But for boys, things are different, prepubertal boys whose age is more than 8 years old accounted for 94.4%,all of them are developed after 17 years old, but no samples were fully developed in 8-17-year-old boys.In this study, children's self-evaluation of the Tanner stages of pubertal events have high consistency with PDS category, which Kendall coefficient is 0.69 (boys' genital development, and girls' pubic hair development) to 0.76 ( boys' pubic hair development), and significant different is observed(P <0.001). The times of physical activities in a week(P<0.05) and average daily meditation time (P<0.01) in early-timing pubertal girls' are both more than the on-time pubertal girls, but no significant difference between boys. Depress symptom in early-timing pubertal boys is significantly higher (P<0.01) than on-time pubertal group. Whether boys or girls, psychopathological symptoms in early-timing pubertal group have higher detection rate than on-time pubertal group, which is statistically significant (boys P<0.01, girls P<0.05). The difference of the PDS score in boys was statistically significant when their parents-absent-history is different, the parents are working more than one year group> father alone working group> parents were at home or working for less than one year group> working group of the mother alone. The PDS scores of girls and the pubertal timing in both girls and boys show no statistical significance among different types of parents-absence-history, but has the same rule, which is the specific working group for the father alone> parents are working more than one year group of> their parents are at home or working for less than one year group > mother alone working group.Conclusion Early timing puberty is closely related with the psychological behavior of children, such as depression, psychological pathology symptoms and physical activities. Early detect in children to discover the early timing pubertal one and find correct opportunity to give health-promoting interventions to them will have a positive impact to improve their physical and mental health.
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