Micro-Morphology And Huperzine-A Analysis Among Three Plants Of Huperzia Berm.

Huperziaceae is the most important natural pharmaceutical resources, Scientist of China separated and discovered huperzineA from folk herbal medicine, which called "QianCengta" at the beginning of 80's in the 20th Century. A series study proved that huperzineA have antiacetylcholinesterase activity:high efficiency,low toxicity,high selectivity; can improve learning efficiency; ameliorate the memory of elderly people. Because of such advantage of hupA, it has determined as the second generation antiacetylcholinesterase (AChE).Huperzia serrata (Thunb.ex Murray) Trev. is the major plant as the source of hupA, but this plant can not meet the demand, and a lot Synthetic work not abtained better activity bioactive substances than the natural HupA,so it is significant to found new plant resources which contain HupA. According to the plant genetic relationship enlarge medicine source, searching for another new plant resources, have confirmed as a useful method, therefore it is better way to found other plant in Huperzia Bern.. Huperzia serrata (Thunb.ex Murray) Trev.,Huperzia crispate (Ching ex H.S.Kung) Ching.,Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching., this three plant belongs to the same group under Huperzia Bern.. At present, more research about the content of HupA focus on Huperzia serrata (Thunb.ex Murray) Trev., and less systematic report on the other plant among Huperzia Bern.The plant of Huperzia Bern. are mainly distribute under mountain dense forest, gully, dankness soil and wet rock steep face, those enviroment have higher canopy density and atmospheric relative humidity. In investigated area, there are many other plant grow with the Huperzia Bern., such as lycopod, Cyperus alternifolius, younger Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr.(appear with high frequency),those plant can provide a higher canopy density, and the same species grow in a small area, appears concentration phenomena.We choose Huperzia serrata (Thunb.ex Murray) Trev., Huperzia crispate (Ching ex H.S.Kung) Ching., Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching. in EnShi area, Hubei, and compared the three plant from morphology, histology, palynology, at the same time, we study the content of HupA from different harvest time and different growing years of these plant, in order to provide reference to species identification, new resources exploitation.1. Comparative Observation on plant morphology, we found that the three plant have difference in appearance. Mainly showed in leaf morphology, according to morphology,we can identified the three plant, histology identified only as a auxiliary method of their classification. The morphology of Huperzia Bern. relatively simple, leaf morphology is the main object of classification and identification,but in leaf size, margin, petiole length were significantly different.2. Comparison of plant histology display:the there species of root, stem structure are similar. All have small bolt of root epidermal cells, developed cortex, siphonostele, and xylem in exarch development, but vascular bundle in the number and arrangement of sieve cells are different. Stem composed by the epidermis, cortex, vascular bundle, xylem and phloem. And radial xylem are arranged around the ridge-like protrusions inverted triangle, star formation bulk. Three kinds of vascular plants the number of xylem ridges processes, the relative area of vascular bundle and phloem are arranged different.3. The spores of 3 different plants were observed with scanning electron microscope. We found that different plant are similar in shape:all are tetraspore, radial symmetry, and three cracks are obviously, equatorial view are fan-shaped。But different in micro-morphology, especially in surface ornamentation and crack length. Every species has their own characteristics。Such as:the spore of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.ex Murray) Trev., interradial region level in the depression between the maximum of three. Huperzia crispate (Ching ex H.S.Kung) Ching. spore's radiation zone and interradial region are smooth, crack up, reaching the equator line, the most full of spores. Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching. spore has deepest point in distal face, near the crack of ornamentation nearly smooth.4. Huperzine A is contained in three plants, in Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching. the concentration is the highest, so, Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching. and Huperzia crispate (Ching ex H.S.Kung) Ching. can as natural new resources. Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching. determination of different plant height showed that plant height in levelⅡ(10±1cm),the content is the highest,0.6388mg/g, with level (5±1cm),levelⅢ(15±1cm) highly significant differences in content, it can provide scientific basis for efficient harvesting of Huperzia sutchueniana (Herter) Ching.