The Extraction And Analysis Of Volatile Components From Three Plants: Onion, Zedoary, And Rhizoma Chuanxiong

Extraction coupled multi-rectification and extraction-rectification coupled solvent extraction technologies were developed according to the features and usages of volatile oils of three plants, onion, Zedoary and Rhizoma Chuanxiong. The technologies were implemented by lab trial and pilot trial equipment of extraction coupled rectification in laboratory mode. The feasibility and parameter optimization of the technologies were also investigated in the reference of the GC-MS analytic results.In order to enhance the yield of onion volatile oil, the materials were first shattered and fermented, then extracted by the extraction coupled multi-rectification technology. The onion oil yield is 0.0033% and the major components in the onion volatile oil are sulfide.The Zedoary volatile oil was extracted by the extraction-rectification coupled solvent extraction technology with the pilot trial equipment. The plants were shattered into 1×1cm and then fed into the extraction tank. The amount of water was 12 times of plants, the extraction time was 12 hours. Hexane of lOmL was chosen as extracting agent, which was separated by vacuum distillation after the extraction. Compared with extraction-rectification technology, the new technology could avoid volatile oil emulsification, simplify the way to collect volatile oil and enhance the transparency and fluidity of volatile oil. The composition and yields of Zedoary volatile oil prepared by the two technologies (0.60%and 0.59%) were no significant difference.When Rhizoma Chuanxiong is extracted alone by the extraction-rectification coupled solvent extraction technology, the main active substance ligustilide in volatile oils of Chuangxiong, which is the material herb playing important role in Chinese compound medicine Jingfukang, could be extracted efficiently. Compared with extracting method of using Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Atractylodis lancea, olibanum, andmyrrh as materials to extract volatile oils, the extraction ratio of ligustilide by using single herb Chuaxiong as material could be increased 351%. The detail operation conditions on mini-scale equipment are as follows:shatter Rhizoma Chuanxiong herb into 1×1cm and then feed the herb particles into extraction tank with water amount of 10 times plants, then extract 9 hours at 100℃. The volatile oil of the other four herbs in Jingfukang was chosen as extracting agent, the amount of extracting agent was 3/4 of the four herbs'volatiles oil.