| Objective:The protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a nutritious shortage because of a lack of energy and (or) protein, it mainly be seen in children whose age below 3 years old.PEM with weight no increased as the first performance of malnutrition. Height (H) lower than normal, Subcutaneous fat layer is not full or complete disappearance and with the order of the abdomen, followed by chest-back-waist, and upper limbs-legs-buttocks, the final amount-neck-cheek. A lot of subcutaneous fat disappears, the skin becomes dry, pale, wrinkles and relaxation, loss of elasticity, intestinal visible. Muscle hyperplasia, Muscle tension reduce or occasionally increase. Motor development retardation, mental retardation, hypothermia, low heart sound blunt, rhythmic heartbeat, low blood pressure, shallow breathing as its Clinical manifestations, can affect the development of intelligence and athletic ability in a Long-term. Therefore, much more attention should be paid to the children of PEM. But up to now there is no specific laboratory parameters for early diagnosis of PEM. Proteomics, a new discipline developed in recent years,use existence and activities of way of all the proteins within the cells as the research object and Through the analysis of the organization of health and disease status, cell populations and sub cellular changes in the protein structure of mitochondrial, it can study the differences of protein expression between physiological and pathological conditions and analyze the relationship between protein structure and function then identify the Functional proteins and specific protein for Further elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease, and compound effective drugs based on in-depth study.In this study, we using protein chip combine with surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry to detect the protein especially the low molecular weight protein or polypeptide that has obvious identified meaning before and after treatment of PEM,hope to find out a serum protein with reference value for early diagnosis of PEM,and provide a foundation for early diagnosis and treatment of PEM So that children could be received treatment as soon as possible. The aim of our study is to discuss the value of Proteomics in PEM and find out the differential protein and finally provide a alternative methods for PEM treatment. Methods:Using SELDI-TOF-MS combined with protein chip analyze the serum protein, a total of 68 serum specimens low molecular weight protein fingerprint of patients were obtained with 56 cases of serum protein fingerprint of PEM and 12 cases of serum protein fingerprint of treatment of PEM. Results:When molecular mass/charge ratio(mass electron ratio, M/ Z)in range of 2000-20000, there were 5 Statistically significant protein peaks(p<0.01), the M/Z and the expression of protein(x±S) in treatment respectively were 5314.4 (42.23±4.09; 27.35±4.51),6417.8 (10.05±2.76; 30.05±4.23),6616.9 (20.02±3.42; 34.03±6.23),7742.8 (57.45±9.72; 39.57±4.15),10216.5(47.45±9.63; 31.75±2.73),of these group including 5314.4 (42.23±4.09; 27.35±4.51),7742.8 (57.45±9.72; 39.57±4.15),10216.5(47.45±9.63; 31.75±2.73) were highly expressed in the PEM group, while these group including 6417.8 (10.05±2.76; 30.05±4.23),6616.9 (20.02±3.42; 34.03±6.23) were highly expressed in the treatment of PEM group.Conclusion:1.In this study, we can get there have some protein's metabolic turbulence in PEM.2. The protein have some change in the PEM children before and after treatment, maybe because of increase after treatment, and the protein may be the key protein in children's growing probably it were the evaluated indexes of clinical therapeutic effects for PEM than normal children, by supplying requisite protein,it can be to balance.3.Using SELDI-TOF-MS techniques tool to research PEM related protein's metabolic feature may be open the new path in PEM's molecular pathology diagnosis and biological treatment.
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