Effect Of Different Titanium Surface Topographies On The Attachment And Collagen Deposition Of Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Objective:The success of dental implantation is not only depended on the favourable osseointegration, but also depended on the favourable soft tissue integration of the implant cervical part. The peri-implant connective tissue which mainly composed of fibroblast and collagen is the essential part of the soft tissue integration. And the surface topographies of the implant cervical part is one of the most important factors that affect the soft tissue attachment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of three different titanium surface characteristics on the biological behavior of oral fibroblasts, and to find a proper surface characteristic for the adhesion of the gingival collagen fibers, which can provide guidance for the designation of the implant cervical part.Methods:Titanium surface created by machining, electrolytic etching, and electrolytic etching and acid etching were analyzed using laser scanning confocal microscope (CFM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM). Attachment of cells were examined by comparing the numbers of attached to detached cells, respectively. Collagen production and deposition were examined via a Sirius red-based stain assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy.Results:The machined surface showed a flat profile with isotropic grooves, the ECE surface showed a uniformly micro-scale roughened surface, and the ECA surface had a uniformly micro-scale roughened surface and nano-scale structures on it. Cell attachment was significantly weaker on the machined surface than on the ECE and ECA surfaces, while which was weakest on the ECE surface than on the ECA surface. Collagen production was highest on the machined surface, followed by ECE and ECA surfaces. Collagen deposition displayed a parallel pattern on the machined surface, while it was multidirectional on the ECE and ECA surfaces. Conclusion:The surface characteristics of titanium affect the attachment of oral fibroblasts as well as the deposition pattern of collagen in vitro. The ECA surface had the strongest effect on the attachment of human gingival fibroblast, while which of the machined surface is the weakest. The ECA surface may have the benign guidance of collagen doposition.