| Objective:To observe the changes of kidney function, kidney morphology and kidney tissue TGF-β1 and Smad7 mRNA expression treated by traditional Chinese medicine Shenshuaifang using a adenine-induced chronic renal failure rat model, and to study the molecular mechanism of Shenshuaifang's protecting effects.Methods:①Modeling and Grouping:60 SD rats were randomly divided into modeling group (52 rats) and normal control group (group A,8 rats). Modeling group rats were given adenine by gavage for 24 days to induce renal failure while group A rats were given distilled water. The successful rat models were randomly divided into model control group (group B), Shenshuaifang high dose and low dose groups (group C and D), losartan group (group E) and combining Chinese and western medicine group (group F). There were 8 rats in each group.②Drug Administration:Group A and B were given distilled water, group C, D, E, and F were given high dose Shenshuaifang, low does shenshuaifang, losartan, and high dose shenshuaifang with losartan by gavage respectively for 28 days.③Indexes Testing:SCr,BUN,24 hours MTP were detected before and after treating. Kidney weight and 24-hour urine output were measured, kidney index was calculated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of pathological sections was used to observe the morphological changes. MRNA expression of kidney tissue TGF-β1 and Smad7 was detected by Real Time PCR. Results:①General Condition:Kidney indexes of all the renal failure rats were statistically higher than group A (P<0.05).24-hour urine output of group B was statistically higher than group A (P<0.05).24-hour urine output of group C and F was significantly lower than group B (P<0.05). There was no significantly difference of 24-hour urine output of group D and E when compared with group B (P>0.05). ②Biochemical Indexes:Scr, BUN,24-hour MTP of group B was significantly higher than group A (P<0.05). Scr, BUN and 24-hour MTP of group C. D, E and F all decreased significantly when compared with group B (P<0.05). Scr, BUN and 24-hour MTP of group C, D, E and F was not significantly different when compared between each two groups (P>0.05).③Real Time PCR Results:TGF-β1:Compared with group A, TGF-β1 mRNA expression of group B was higher (P<0.05), while TGF-β1 mRNA expression of group C, D, E, and F was significantly lower than group B (P<0.05). TGF-β1 mRNA expression of group D was higher than group C (P<0.05), while TGF-β1 mRNA expression of group E and F was lower than group C (P<0.05).Smad7:Compared with group A, Smad7 mRNA expression of group B was lower (P<0.05), while Smad7 mRNA expression of the 4 treated groups was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.05). Smad7 mRNA expression of group D and E was significantly lower than group C (P<0.05), while Smad7 mRNA expression of group F was higher than group C (P<0.05).Conclusion:Shenshuaifang could reduce Scr, BUN and 24-hour MTP of chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine, protect kidney function, and slow down the progress of renal fibrosis. It also could lower kidney TGF-β1 mRNA expression and promote the Smad7 mRNA expression. This may be part of its effective mechanism.
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