| Brain is a very important part in the central nervous system. It is called "spinal marrow"," supreme mental palace" in Chinese traditional medicine. The brain is to normal growth and exert its physiological function, must rely on the essence of water and grain which is transported and transformed by the spleen and stomach. If the the spleen and stomach is weak, it is unable to transport and transform the water and grain, the qi and blood are deficiency and the brain is Lack of nutrition. So that the development and the function of the brain is abnormal. Modern medicine has confirmed that spleen deficiency can lead to the changes not only in nerve cells, neurotransmitter, but also the structure of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and other organizations by affecting nerve cell differentiation and proliferation, and changing the ability of organism's remodeling, thereby affecting brain functions. There is a lot of clinical and experimental foundation to confirm that acupuncture can cure the splenasthenic syndrome. In order to do further researches on the relationship between spleen deficiency and brain, efforts are made in our researches for the damage to brain functions caused by splenasthenic syndrome, to the recovery of brain functions through curing this syndrome or improving the splenic deficiency condition. Based on the assumption and literature study, we chose the proliferation of nerve cell as cut-in point. From the aspects of literature and experiment study, we can approach the possible mechanism of electro-acupuncture on protecting nerve cell from damaging caused by splenasthenic syndrome. 1. Objective:To observe the proliferation of nerve stem cell in subventricular zone(SVZ)and Denatate Gyrus(DG) in spleen deficiency Rats, and approach the effects of electro-acupuncturing Zusanli (ST36) on the proliferation of nerve stem cell. By observing nerve stem cell, we hope to find the possible mechanism of electro-acupuncture on protecting nerve cell from damaging caused by splenasthenic syndrome, and provide theoretical and experimental evidence for electro-acupuncture to treat nerve cell damage caused by splenasthenic syndrome.2. Methods:A total of 54 healthy, male, Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (55±5) g and aged 4 weeks. Before the test, they were raised to adapt to the surroundings for 3 days. According to the random digits table, they were divided into control group, model group and electro-acupuncture treated group, each group contained 18 rats. Then each group was averagely divided into 7 days group,14 days group and 28 days group at random. There were 6 rats in each subset group. Spleen deficiency was induced via intragastric administration of rhubarb for 14 days. We observed the change of appearance and weight in the spleen deficiency rats. Rats in electro-acupuncture treated group were treated with electro-acupuncturing Zusanli points after modeling. As for electric acupuncture, distant-dense wave was chosen. The frequency was15Hz for dense wave and intensity was 6 to15 V. The treatment lasted for twenty minutes, and was done once every day. On the other hand, rats in model group were fixed on the operation board without any treatment for twenty minutes after modeling. All together 54 rats were injected Brdu peritoneal 2 days before the design time that they were killed, and their brains were taken after fixed by perfusion. Then we observed the cell marked by Brdu,Brdu/Nestin in SVZ and DG in normal group, model group and electro-acupuncture treated group by immunohistochemistry. At last, we counted positive cells at light microscope of 400X, analyzed the image by analytical system of Image-Pro Plus software from USA, and compared the difference between groups by Stata 10.0 software.3. Results:3.1 Compared to the normal group, rats in the model group were obviously emaciated, poor hair quality, and rolling up together, lassitude, closing eyes, fatigue, defecating frequently, reacting slowly.3.2 The same conclusion could be seen in the same period either in subventricular zone or Denatate Gyrus. The number of positive cells of Brdu,Brdu/Nestin were coincident in different periods in the normal control group (P>0.05). The number of Brdu cells in model group was less than that in the normal group in the 7th day and the 14th day(P<0.05), but it recovered to the normal level in the 28th day. The number of Brdu cells in electro-acupuncture treated group was almost the same as that in the normal group in the 7th day, and it was extremely high in the 14th day, but it decreased in the 28th day, however, the level was still higher than that in model group and normal group in this period (P<0.05). In model group, there was little Brdu/Nestin cells in the 7th day, while the number increased and reached to a normal level in the 14th day (P>0.05), then it achieved the peak level in the 28th day (P<0.05). In electro-acupuncture treated group, the number of Brdu/Nestin cells was just the same as that in normal group in the 7th day. And it reached to a peak level in the 14th day. In the 28th day, the number declined but it was still higher than that in model group and normal group in this period (P<0.05)4. Conclusions:In this empirical study, we set up a spleen deficiency rat model by intragastric administration of rhubarb. In order to observe the damage of nerve cell caused by splenasthenic syndrome, and provide theoretical and experimental evidence for electro-acupuncture protecting nerve cell, we observed the proliferation of nerve stem cell by histomorphology and immunohistochemistry. The results were as follows:The splenasthenic syndrome may result in degrading the proliferation potency of nerve stem cells. The electro-acupuncturing Zusanli points treatment can enhance the proliferation potency of nerve stem cell in the Subventricular Zone of the Lateral Ventricle and dentate gyrus of hippocampus of Spleen Deficiency Rats. splenasthenic syndrome may be cured by electro-acupuncturing Zusanli. Besides, the elecrto-acupuncture can induce the cell proliferation, so as to repair the nerve cells which are impaired by splenic asthenia.
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