| Objective To investigate the expression of naked cuticle homologue 1 (NKD1) and Wnt2b at the earliest stages of gastric tumorigenesis, and to identify the relationship between NKD1 and Wnt2b expression in gastric precancer-carcinoma sequence.Methods (1)Immunohistoehemical technique SP method was used to detect the expression of NKD1 and Wnt2b in 10 cases of normal gastric mucosa,10 cases of intestinal metaplasia,21 cases of mild, moderate and severe atypical hyperplasia,10 cases of early gastric carcinoma and 30 cases of invasion gastric carcinoma. (2)RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of NKD1 mRNA in 7 cases of normal gastric mucosa,8 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 10 cases of gastric carcinoma.Results (1) The expression of Wnt2b protein in normal gastric mucosa was 0.00%(0/10). The expression rate of Wnt2b gene in the intestinal metaplasia was 10.00%(1/10). The positive rate of Wnt2b expression was 14.29%(1/7),57.14%(4 /7)and 71.43%(5/7)in mild, moderate, severe atypical hyperplasia respectively. There was no significant difference between the mild, moderateand severe atypical hyperplasia (p>0.05). The positive rate of Wnt2b in the gastric carcinoma was 97.50% (39/40). There was significant difference bewteen gastric carcinoma and not cancerous tissue (p≤0.01).(2) The expression of NKD1 protein in normal gastric mucosa was 100.00%(10 /10). The expression rate of NKD1 gene in the intestinal metaplasia was 90.00%(9 /10). The positive rate of NKD1 expression was 71.43%(5/7),42.86%(3/7)and 28.57%(2/7)in mild, moderate, severe atypical hyperplasia respectively. There was no significant difference between the mild, moderateand severe atypical hyperplasia (p>0.05). The positive rate of NKD1 in the early gastric carcinoma was 10.00%(1 /10).The positive rate of NKD1 in the gastric carcinoma was 0.00%(0/10). There was significant difference bewteen gastric carcinoma and not cancerous tissue (p≤0.01).(3)NKD1 mRNA is expressed in normal gastric mucosa, the expression in epithelial dysplasia is reduced, and in gastric carcinoma it is reduced remarkably.Conclusions (1)Wnt2b was expressed from normal gastric mucosal tissue, intestinal metaplasia, hyperplasia to gastric cancer gradually strengthened, that may adjust the fine proliferation and differentiation and apoptosis processes involved in tumor growth, it will lead to abnormal activation of tumors.(2)NKD1 was expressed from normal gastric mucosal tissue, intestinal metaplasia, hyperplasia to gastric cancer gradually weakened, and it missing in adanced gastric cancer. It shows NKD1 as the negative Wnt signal system regulate factor, thus inhibiting cell proliferation of abnormal.(3)The results showed that the noncancerous tissue NKD1 and Wnt2b negatively related, the absence of NKD1 might induce abnormal activation of Wnt signaling pathway.
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