Expression And Clinical Significance Of Of HRad9 In Bladder Carcinoma

Objective: We investigated the expression of human Rad9 (hRad9) protein,a structural homologue of yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad9 protein, which is required for the maintenance of genomic stability, in BUC (bladder urothelial carcinoma), as well as the relationship between tumor grading and staging were study.To evaluate the significance of hRad9 protein used as the marker in testing, prognosis and immunotherapy of BUC.Methods: Using 58 sets of tumor tissue paraffin specimens and 10 sets peripheral normal bladder tissue specimens from 58 patients with BUC who underwent surgery,the authors investigated the expression of hRad9 protein,using immunohistochemisty with Eli-VisionTM analysin.According to WHO2004,low grade papillary urothelial tumors, low-grade and high grade bladder urothelial carcinoma were 8,32 and 18 samples, respectively.Under UICC2002TNM,Ta 19 cases,T1 10 cases,T2 17 cases,T3 3 cases,T4 1 case (Ta-1: the non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma;T2-4:the muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma).The experimental data was analysising by SPSS13.0 statistical software.Results: (1) HRad9 protein was expression in 23 of 50 human bladder urothelial carcinoma samples examined,not detected in 10 sets peripheral normal bladder tissue and 8 sets low malignant potential of urothelial papilloma specimens.(2)HRad9 protein levels were high in 40.6% (13 of 32) of low grade urothelial carcinoma and 55.6% (10 of 18) of high-grade urothelial carcinoma.There is no statistically significant difference between them (P= 0.309> 0.05).HRad9 protein can be detected in different grade of BUC.(3)HRad9 protein were up-regulated in 41.4% (12 of 29) of non-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (Ta ~T1 )and 52.3% (11 of 21) of invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (T2 ~ T4 ).There is no statistically significant difference between different stages of bladder urothelial carcinoma in the expression of hRad9 protein.(P = 0.441> 0.05). HRad9 protein can be detected in different staging of BUC.(4) HRad9 protein was strongly positive expression (ie, staining of ++or+++, the same below) in only 3 of 32 of low- grade bladder urothelial carcinoma and 7 of 18 high-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma.There is statistically significant difference between low-grade and high-grade urothelial carcinoma (P= 0.014 < 0.05),there was a strong correlation between Rad9 protein abundance and cancer grade.(5) HRad9 protein was strongly expression in only 2 of 29 of non-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (Ta ~T1) and 8 of 21 of invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma. There is statistically significant difference between non-invasive and urothelial carcinoma (P=0.018 < 0.05), there was a strong correlation between Rad9 protein abundance and cancer stage.Conclusion: In this report, we show that high levels of hRad9 are associated with BUC and there was a strong correlation between hRad9 protein abundance with cancer stage and grade. Our findings support the use of hRad9 as a biomarker for advanced bladder urothelia cancer. Further investigations of this kind with hRad9 could lead to the development of better diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools based on detection or manipulation of hRad9 protein abundance.