| [Objective]:To explore the effects of microwave radiation from mobile phone base stations on the neurobehavioral functions of the surrounding residents and to find the early damage biomarkers of health lesion which caused by the low-intensity electromagnetic radiation, then to provide scientific basis? and monitoring indicators for health risk prediction and evaluation of low intensity microwave radiation environmental exposure.[Method]:(1) Randomly selected 20 residential areas where built base stations and 10 residential areas where no base stations are built as a control. Measured the intensities of microwave radiation inside and outside of the residential living environment.(2) Select 63 people living 50 m around the mobile phone base station (900MHz) to be the observation group and select 69 people living in non-mobile phone base station to be the control. Using the questionnaire to collect basic information, tests neurobehavioral function by using WHO-NCTB.(3) The fertilized adult female Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:pregnancy-after birth no radiation group (denoted as Group 1, the control group), pregnancy radiation-after birth no radiation group (denoted as group 2), pregnancy no radiation-after birth radiation group (denoted as group 3), pregnancy-after birth radiation group (denoted as group 4), using 900MHz radiation, exposured 8 hours per day during pregnancy, the radiation intensity was 40±3.27 uw/cm2, until the fetus was born; offspring exposured 8 hours per day, the radiation intensity was 40±3.27uw/cm2, total 4 weeks. The control was placed in the same environment, but no radiation. After that:①the balancing beam, swimming, forelimb hanging time for the motor coordination of offspring s, black and white Lane for anxious in mice.②measured learning and memory function of offspring by water maze.③to observe the morphological changes of offspring brain tissue by HE staining.④Detected SOD, GSH activity and LDH, MDA changes in offspring brain tissue by spectrophotometric. [Results]:(1) The intensities of microwave radiation in the exposure residential districts were obveriously higher than the control (p<0.05); There was a peak at about 10m from the station, then intensity would gradually weakened with the increase of the distance.The level of microwave radiation in antenna main lobe direction is not necessarily higher than the side lobe direction, and the side lobe direction also is not lower. At the same district, where there were two base stations, the electromagnetic field nestification would take place.The intensities of microwave radiation outside the exposure windows in the resident room not only changed with distance but also with the height of the floor. The intensities of microwave radiation inside the aluminum alloys security net were much lower than those of outside the aluminum alloys security net (p<0.05), but the inside or outside of glass-window appears almost no change (p>0.05).(2) The dizziness symptoms were significantly higher in the observation group (P<0.05), also the POMS scored of tension-anxiety and fatigue-inertia were significantly higher (P<0.05).(3) The SRT, DSp,SAMD, DS,BVR,PA of observation group were significant difference compared with the control group (P<0.05). While the time limit of habitation were positively correlated with the SRT, BVR, PA (P<0.05), but were negatively correlated with the DSp (P<0.05). The distance from the base station were positive correlated with DSp and DS (P<0.05), but negative correlated with BVR and PA (P<0.05).(4) Compared with control group, the black and white Lane results, motor coordination, total swimming time and forelimb hang time of the radiation treatment group had no change (P> 0.05); exposure radiation after the birth, the latency period was significantly prolonged (P<0.05) and the number of errors increased significantly (P<0.05).(5) Exposure to microwave radiation during pregnancy and after birth, both would lead to MDA content increased, GSH content and SOD activity decreased (P<0.05), but no significant pathological changes in brain tissue. [Conclusion]:(1)Although all the measure dates on the ground around the base station could be below the "environment electromagnetic wave hygienic standard" (GB9175-88), there were still a minorities of windows which exposed to the base station were higher, and the outside and inside of a few window was even higher beyond the safe level defined standard. The aluminum alloys security net can partly shield the microwave radiation from the mobile phone base station.(2)The microwave radiation from base station has some negative impact on the emotional status, intelligence, memory, learning, perception and psychomotor of surrounding residents.(3) The mice exposed to 900MHz microwave radiation during period of the growth and development, even if the level of radiation dose did not exceed the existing standards of hygiene, the learning and memory declined and the neurobehavioral changed.(4) The mice exposed to 900MHz microwave radiation during period of the growth and development can lead to antioxidant enzyme activities decreased, oxygen free radicals increase in brain tissue. That hinted SOD, GSH activity and LDH, MDA content can be used as an early indicator of neuronal function injury caused by electromagnetic radiation.
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