| Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic and delayed infectious disease caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB may invade various organs of the human body, but it mainly affects the lungs. In the folklore, TB is also known as the phthisis with a saying that Nine out of ten phthisical patients are destined to death, and it really does serious harm to human health.According to WHO's report in 2005, nearly 1/3 of the world's population is infected by TB with an annual growth of 8 to 10 million people being newly infected. In 2008. there are about 20 million TB patients all over the world with the mortality rate reaching a historic peak. Every year, there are about 2 million people who died of TB, and 98% of them were from the developing countries; TB is no longer just a problem of single disease, but developed into a major matter of the public health which has become a social economic problem blocking up the social development.In recent years, there are some reports on the outbreaks of TB in various schools, and it is reported that students are becoming a population at high risk of TB. Students are one of the susceptible populations of TB. and they are a special group with dense population and close contact with each other. What's more, the early symptoms of TB on students are not typical without any obvious physical signs, and there is even no subjective symptom, which makes it easily to be ignored. Therefore, in the event of some cases, it can easily result in an epidemic outbreak. The consequences will not only affect the physical and mental health of teachers and students, but also disrupt the normal teaching order at school, which will cause serious social impact. Therefore, to strengthen the management of junior high school and primary school students, and conduct an effective control on TB at school is of far reaching importance for the prevention and control on the spread of TB among junior high school students and primary school students.PPD is a test to check whether the body is immune to TB, a common reference to determine TB infection, and also an early auxiliary method to diagnose whether the body is infected by TB. The test is simple and quick, sensitive and accurate on the detection of new cases, the diagnosis of TB, forecasting the prevalence of TB, and also the monitoring on BCG vaccination, with an accurate reflection of the situation of BCG vaccination and the infection of TB. It is of particular significance for having TB infection and the situation of susceptible populations under control, and drawing up measures to the prevention and treatment of TB. Objective:This paper conducts an analysis on the infection of tuberculin among junior high school and primary school freshmen in Chaoyang District of Changchun, and gets an understanding of the situation of the freshmen of 2009, in order to draw up effective measures to prevent and control the outbreak of TB at school, and provide a scientific basis for the future prevention and control on TB at school. Methods:5,902 freshmen from 38 junior high schools and primary schools in Chaoyang District of Changchun accepted the tuberculin (PPD) test, with the diagnosis in adoption of the unified test standard set by the state, data input and preparation in the application of EXCEL software, data processing and analysis in the application of the statistical software SPSS 14.0, and x2 test for the comparison between the false negative rates and positive rates of each group in the PPD test. Results:1. The PPD test on the 5,902 freshmen of primary schools and junior high schools in Chaoyang District of Changchun shows that: the false negative rate is 64.11%, general positive rate 27.25%, moderate positive rate 7.66%, and strong positive rate 0.98%.2. Strong positive rate among male is 1.05%, and female 0.91%; and the difference is not statistically significant (P>0.05);3. Strong positive rate among primary school students is 0.53%, and junior high school students 1.30%, and the difference is statistically significant (PO.01);4. PPD strong positive rate among urban freshmen is 0.80%, and students from villages and towns 1.75%, and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.01).5. Strong positive rate among students without BCG scars is 1.91%, and students with BCG scars 0.82%, and the difference is statistically significant (P<0.01)Conclusions:1. The PPD test results on the 5,902 freshmen of junior high schools and primary schools in Chaoyang District of Changchun show that there are no student suffering from TB; but the strong positive rate is 0.98%, and those students are at a risk of being attacked by TB. The relevant departments should strengthen the management and control on the appearance of cases.2. The strong positive rate among junior high school students in the PPD test is higher than that among primary school students.3. The strong positive rate among students from villages and towns in PPD test is higher than that among urban students, which indicates that rural students are at a higher risk than urban students.4. The strong positive rate among students without BCG scars in PPD test,is significantly higher than that among students with BCG scars, which indicates that BCG vaccination is helpful to prevent the infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis...
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